食品安全案件十倍惩罚性赔偿制度研究  

Research on ten fold punitive damages system in food safety cases

作　　者：马辉[1] 郭曼伦 Ma Hui;Guo Manlun(School of medical humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国卫生法制》2023年第2期6-10,共5页China Health Law

摘　　要：《食品安全法》十倍惩罚性赔偿制度在司法实践中仍有诸多争议,主要集中于消费者的范围、销售者“明知”的认定标准、标签和说明书瑕疵免责的理解等。结合典型案例中裁判者的观点认为:消费者应作广义的理解,涵盖非职业打假人;明知应包括重大过失的主观心理状态,并采事实自证原则,由消费者承担标示瑕疵的证明责任;标示瑕疵免责应限于不可能危害消费者身体健康的瑕疵。There are still many disputes about the ten fold punitive damages system in the Food Safety Law in judicial practice, mainly focusing on the scope of consumers, the recognition standard of "knowing" by sellers, the understanding of exemption from liability for defects in labels and instructions, etc. Combined with the views of referees in typical cases, this paper held that consumers should be understood in a broad sense, covering non professional dummies;knowing should include the subjective psychological state of gross negligence, and adopting the principle of self evidence of facts, the consumer shall bear the burden of proof of marking defects;The exemption of marking defects shall be limited to defects that are unlikely to endanger the health of consumers.

关 键 词：食品 十倍赔偿 消费者 主观过错 免责条款 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]