航天降落伞撕裂带测试装置及其动态索力响应特性  

Test equipment for a parachute tear-band to measure the cable force dynamics

作　　者：李东兴 侯森浩 孙海宁 黎帆 唐晓强[1,2,3] LI Dongxing;HOU Senhao;SUN Haining;LI Fan;TANG Xiaoqiang(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Tribology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Key Lab of Precision/Ultra-Precision Manufacturing Equipment and Control,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084 [3]清华大学精密超精密制造装备及控制北京市重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期294-301,共8页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51975307,51975044)。

摘　　要：该文提出一种航天降落伞撕裂带测试装置,用于测试撕裂带工作性能。基于测试装置,研究绳索在高速冲击载荷下的动态索力响应问题。将机械系统简化为弹簧阻尼系统,基于Lagrange第二类方程推导得到系统动力学方程,并通过Runge-Kutta方法求解模型,得到撕裂带测试过程中的绳索受力状态。研究在高速冲击载荷下,绳索阻尼的作用机理。进一步研究绳索弹性模量、阻尼以及绳索两端质量比对索力的影响规律,最后对比理论模型与验证实验的数据。结果表明:理论模型计算得到的绳索末端索力与实验结果趋势保持一致,验证了理论模型的正确性,对撕裂带测试装置的设计和控制具有指导意义。Test equipment was developed to test the dynamic forces on the cable of a parachute tear-band for high-speed impact loads. The mechanics of the test equipment were simplified as a spring damping model with the system dynamics equations then derived based on the second Lagrange equation. The Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the equations to calculate the tension in the cable during the band tearing test. The results showed that the rope damping plays a major role in the early stage of the high-speed impact loading. The influences of the elastic modulus, damping and mass ratio of the two ends on the cable forces were then further studied. Comparison of the theoretical model with experimental data shows that the predicted cable forces are consistent with the experimental data, which verifies the model accuracy. The results of this study can guide the design of tear-band test equipment.

关 键 词：撕裂带测试装置 冲击载荷 索力响应 动力学模型 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]