典型西北山地-绿洲系统不同水体水化学特征及其水力关系分析  

Analysis of Water Chemistry Characteristics and Hydraulic Relationships of Different Water Bodies in Typical Mountain-oasis Systems in the Northwest Inland Area

作　　者：王诗语 孙从建 陈伟[1,2] 周思捷 张鑫[1,2] WANG Shi-yu;SUN Cong-jian;CHEN Wei;ZHOU Si-jie;ZHANG Xin(School of Geographical Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Research Center of Ecological Environment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学地理科学学院,太原030031 [2]山西师范大学黄河中游生态环境研究中心,太原030031

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第3期1416-1428,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901022)。

摘　　要：开都河流域是西北内陆区典型的山地绿洲系统,其水化学信息对了解区域水文过程和优化水资源配置具有重要意义.基于2020年内不同季节山区、绿洲区多种水体样品的采集及测试,分析了该区域水化学特征及其水力联系.结果表明:(1)研究区水体整体呈微碱性,pH和TDS值呈现绿洲区高、山区低的分布特征;HCO_(3)^(-)和Ca^(2+)为主要的阴阳离子,区域水化学类型多为HCO_(3)^(-)-Ca^(2+)型,绿洲区地下水水化学类型较之山区更复杂;区域水化学特征受岩石风化和人类活动影响较为明显.(2)河水δ^(18)O和δD值呈现夏季贫化、春季富集的季节变化特征,而地下水为冬春贫化,秋季富集;降水和冰川水年内变化不显著;河水及地下水的δ^(18)O和δD值则表现为绿洲区富集、山区贫化的空间分布特征.(3)研究区地表水和地下水的相互关系密切,且在夏季转化频繁;绿洲区地表水与地下水的转化特征呈显著的时空差异性.研究结果对于我国西北内陆区水资源的优化配置具有重要意义.Kaidu River basin is a typical mountain oasis ecosystem in the northwest inland.Its hydrochemical environment information is of great significance to understand the regional hydrological process and optimize the allocation of water resources.Based on the collection of samples of various water bodies in mountainous and oasis areas in different seasons in 2020,this study analyzed the water chemical characteristics and hydraulic links in this region.The results showed that:(1)the water body in the study area was slightly alkaline as a whole,and the pH and TDS values showed the spatial changes of low in the oasis area and high in the mountain area;HCO_(3)^(-)and Ca^(2+)were the main anions and cations.The regional hydrochemical type was mostly HCO_(3)^(-)-Ca^(2+),and the hydrochemical type of groundwater in the oasis area was more complex than that in the mountainous area.Regional hydrochemical changes were mainly controlled by rock weathering and human disturbance.(2)Theδ^(18)O andδD values of the river water showed the seasonal changes of dilution in summer and enrichment in spring,whereas groundwater was depleted in winter and spring and enriched in autumn.Precipitation and glacial water did not change significantly within a year.In space,theδ^(18)O andδD values of river water and groundwater showed the law of enrichment in the oasis area and dilution in the mountainous area.(3)The relationship between surface water and groundwater in the study area was close,and the transformation was frequent in summer.The relationship between surface water and groundwater in the oasis area was closer than that in the mountainous area.Groundwater in the oasis area was recharged by groundwater in the previous period,river water,and precipitation,and the recharge rate was usually groundwater in the previous period>river water>precipitation.

关 键 词：水化学 稳定同位素 地下水 地表水 时空变化 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]