Molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity and detoxification of trace metals and metalloids in plants  

作　　者：Zhong Tang Han-Qing Wang Jie Chen Jia-Dong Chang Fang-Jie Zhao 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Plant Biology》2023年第2期570-593,共24页植物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972500 and 41930758);the Key Research&Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2021717)。

摘　　要：Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids(hereinafter referred to as trace metals)from the soil,some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations(e.g.,Cu,Zn,Ni,Co),while others are non-essential and toxic even at relatively low concentrations(e.g.,As,Cd,Cr,Pb,and Hg).Soil contamination of trace metals is an increasing problem worldwide due to intensifying human activities.Trace metal contamination can cause toxicity and growth inhibition in plants,as well as accumulation in the edible parts to levels that threatens food safety and human health.Understanding the mechanisms of trace metal toxicity and how plants respond to trace metal stress is important for improving plant growth and food safety in contaminated soils.The accumulation of excess trace metals in plants can cause oxidative stress,genotoxicity,programmed cell death,and disturbance in multiple physiological processes.Plants have evolved various strategies to detoxify trace metals through cell-wall binding,complexation,vacuolar sequestration,efflux,and translocation.Multiple signal transduction pathways and regulatory responses are involved in plants challenged with trace metal stresses.In this review,we discuss the recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in trace metal toxicity,detoxification,and regulation,as well as strategies to enhance plant resistance to trace metal stresses and reduce toxic metal accumulation in food crops.

关 键 词：DETOXIFICATION food safety stress response trace metals/metalloids toxic mechanisms 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]