杜夫海纳情感先验与存在的现象学阐释  

Phenomenological Interpretation of Dufrenne’s Affective A Priori and Presence

作　　者：张云鹏 Zhang Yunpeng(School of Humanities and Foreign Languages,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学人文与外语学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2023年第2期135-146,共12页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“杜夫海纳审美知觉现象学之现象学阐释”(15BZX125)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为了回答“审美经验如何可能?”这个问题,杜夫海纳借鉴并改造了康德的“先验”概念,提出了“情感先验”这样一个存在论概念。情感先验既是审美经验乃至审美对象之所以可能的条件,同时又是审美经验和审美对象的构成因素。作为存在的一种属性的先验,既先于主体又先于客体,并使主客体的亲缘关系成为可能,所以它同时是主体和客体的一种规定性。情感先验在对象身上体现为“情感特质”,在主体身上体现为情感能力,而对情感先验的存在性认知则为“情感范畴”。在海德格尔思想情调的基础上,杜夫海纳论证了情感对于存在的归属;借助于情感范畴的感性显现,进一步论证了情感与存在的同一——“情感先验-存在”。作为与纯粹感觉相应的情感,在审美经验中向我们揭示了存在的完满。In order to answer the question "how is aesthetic experience possible?", Dufrenne borrowed and reformed Kant’s concept of "a priori" and put forward an ontological concept of "affective a prior". Affective a prior is not only the condition that makes aesthetic experience and aesthetic object possible, but also the constituent factor of aesthetic experience and aesthetic object. As an attribute of presence, a prior precedes both the subject and the object, and makes possible the relation of the subject and the object, so it is at the same time a specification of the subject and the object. Affective a prior is embodied in the object as an affective trait, the subject as an affective ability, and the cognition of the existence of affective a prior as an affective category. On the basis of Heidegger’s ideological mood, Dufrenne demonstrated the attribution of emotion to presence. With the help of the perceptual appearance of affective category, the identity of emotion and presence is further demonstrated: "affective a prior-presence". Affection, which corresponds to pure feeling, reveals to us the fullness of presence in aesthetic experience.

关 键 词：杜夫海纳 情感先验 情感特质 情感范畴 存在 

分 类 号：B83-06[哲学宗教—美学]