间接雇佣中主要公司应否承担责任?  

Should Lead Companies be Liable for Indirect Employment?

作　　者： 沈维清(译) 孙国平(译)[2] Guy Davidov;SHEN Weiqing;SUN Guoping

机构地区：[1]耶路撒冷希伯来大学 [2]苏州大学王健法学院

出　　处：《上海政法学院学报（法治论丛）》2023年第1期140-160,共21页Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)

摘　　要：主要公司通过采用间接雇佣的用工方式降低其用工成本,获得用工弹性。当间接雇佣的工人权益遭受侵害时,主要公司应否对此类工人承担责任?以以色列为例,间接雇佣之现象在以色列颇为常见,以色列政府通过立法提高间接雇佣工人的劳动标准,并要求主要公司承担保证责任,以此种方式来回应主要公司在间接雇佣中的责任承担问题。然而,间接雇佣亦有违法与合法之分,在违法情形下主要公司理应承担责任,但在合法情形下则不然。通过对主要公司效率问题的考量后,当主要公司合法使用间接雇佣的用工模式时,仅应具备特殊理由时才能要求主要公司承担保证责任,即:工人受到的侵害与主要公司存在因果关系;主要公司有能力预防工人受到损害;主要公司因工人受到损害而获利;主要公司承诺保护工人,以及工人作为工作场所的一员享有固有的权利。在具备以上理由时应当追究主要公司的责任。Lead companies usually adopt indirect employment as means to reduce the labor cost and to gain the labor flexibility.When the indirect employees’rights are infringed,should the lead company be liable for such labors?Taking Israel as an example,the phenomenon of indirect employment in Israel is widespread,in which the government raise the labor standard of indirect employment by law,and require the lead companies to take the liability for guarantee in response to the problem of responsibility of the lead companies in indirect employment.However,there are different situations between illegality and legality in the indirect employment,and lead companies should take their liability in the legal situation,while not in the illegal one.Through considering the efficiency issues of lead companies,it is required that lead companies could only take responsibility of guarantee on special grounds when they legally adopt indirect employment,i.e.,lead companies could only take their liability on the grounds when damages suffered by labors have causal relations with lead companies,when lead companies have capacity to prevent labors from injuries,when lead companies could make a profit from the damages suffered by labors,and when lead companies make a commitment to protect the labors and the inherent rights enjoyed by whom as part of the employees in the workplace.

关 键 词：间接雇佣 应对之策 问题类型界定 责任承担 正当性理由 

分 类 号：D474[政治法律—政治学]