DNA条形码技术在黑龙江地区姬小蜂科物种鉴定中的应用与分析  

Application and Analysis of DNA Bar Code Technology in Species Identification of Eulophidae in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：邵天玉 刘思竹 谢维欣 刘兴龙[3] 李志勇[3] 王克勤[3] 朱朝东[4] 刘丹[5] SHAO Tian-yu;LIU Si-zhu;XIE Wei-xin(Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065;Institute of Intelligent System and Bioinformatics,College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150001)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学,重庆400065 [2]哈尔滨工程大学智能系统科学与工程学院智能系统与生物信息学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [4]中国科学院动物研究所动物系统学与进化重点实验室,北京100101 [5]重庆三峡职业学院农林科技系,重庆404155

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第5期78-84,88,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆邮电大学科研启动基金项目(E012A2020571)。

摘　　要：姬小蜂科寄生蜂在农业害虫防治应用中起着非常重要的作用,但因体型小种类多,鉴定较难,导致开发利用的局限性。随着分子生物学的快速发展,通过形态学与分子生物学相结合的方法来研究小蜂总科已经成为发展趋势。利用黑龙江省的6个吸虫塔收集到了238个姬小蜂科样本。在DNA提取之前通过形态学鉴定为14属52种。对其中60个COI和68个28S基因进行了扩增和测序,并将基因登录号提交GenBank;COI基因的登录号为MG836426~MG836501,28S基因的登录号为MH169011~MH169101。经进一步计算COI和28S基因的种内和种间遗传距离发现,COI基因的种间遗传距离差异显著,最小种间遗传距离(6.00%)远大于最大种内遗传距离(3.02%)。但是,28S基因的差异较大,许多属的种内遗传距离超过种间遗传距离,重叠现象严重。用MEGA-7.0软件进一步分析了COI基因的序列相似性和系统发育关系,结果表明:COI基因序列的聚类结果与形态学分类基本一致,而28S基因序列的聚类结果与形态学结果有较大差异。可见COI基因在姬小蜂科的分类鉴定和系统发育分析上比28S基因有很大优势,更适合姬小蜂科DNA条形码分析。The Eulophidae parasitoids play a key role in the control of agricultural insects,but because of the small size and many species,identification is difficult,which leads to the limitation of development and utilization.With the rapid development of molecular biology,it’s been quite regular to combine molecular approaches in studying the superfamily Chalcidoidea.In this study,238 specimens of the family Eulophidae were collected from 6 suction traps in Heilongjiang Province,China.Before DNA extraction,52 species of 14 genera were identified by morphology.60 COI and 6828S genes were amplified and sequenced,which were submitted to GenBank,with accession numbers from MG836426 to MG836501 for COI and from MH169011 to MH169101 for 28S.Intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances were calculated for both COI and 28S genes.The interspecific distances of COI gene was significantly different,with the minimum interspecies genetic distance(6.00%)greater than the maximum intraspecific genetic distance(3.02%),which indicates a clear barcoding gap between species.However,as 28S is highly variable,the intraspecific genetic distances of many genera exceed the interspecific,the overlap phenomenon is obvious.Futher,sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed by MEGA 7.0 software,indicating that the clustering results of COI gene sequences are basically consistent with morphological classification,but that of 28S gene sequences are quite different from those of morphological results.COI gene has some advantages over the conservative 28S gene in the taxonomic identification and phylogenetic resolution of the family Eulophidae,which could be more suitable for DNA barcoding wasps.

关 键 词：DNA条形码 COI 28S 分子鉴定 姬小蜂科 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]