青藏东缘若尔盖高原土地利用时空变化特征及其驱动因素分析  

Spatial-temporal Variability Characteristics and Its Driving Factors of Land Use in Zoige Plateau on the Eastern Edge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

作　　者：陈雪玲 孙梅玲 吕一河[3,4] 胡健 杨丽雪 周青平[1,2] CHEN Xue-ling;SUN Mei-ling;Lü Yi-he;HU Jian;YANG Li-xue;ZHOU Qing-ping(Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610041 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2023年第3期306-315,共10页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0307);国家自然科学基金(42007057);西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(ZYN2022010)。

摘　　要：土地利用时空变化是全球环境变化的重要影响因素,直接影响生态系统结构和功能,而生态恢复工程对不同土地利用类型时空变化特征的影响尚未明晰。以若尔盖高原为例,采用2000、2010和2015年3期影像资料,对2000—2010和2010—2015年土地利用时空变化特征及其驱动因素进行系统分析。结果表明:(1)2000—2015年土地利用变化面积为289.90 km^(2),主要表现为草地和建设用地面积增加,分别增加37.29和105.27 km^(2),以及湿地面积减少129.57 km^(2);(2)社会经济发展与人口增长促使其他土地利用类型转变为建设用地,建设用地面积显著增加,生态恢复工程促进湿地的恢复,减少了耕地面积,使灌丛和林地面积保持相对稳定;(3)生态恢复工程是若尔盖高原湿地面积增加的关键因素,防沙治沙工程是减缓若尔盖县和红原县沙地面积扩张的影响因素之一,气候变化是该区域土地利用变化的次要因素。加强土地利用时空变化及其驱动因素研究可为区域土地利用优化管理和政策制定提供科学依据。The spatio-temporal change in land use is an essential factor driving global environmental change,which directly affect the structure and function of the ecosystem.However,the impact of ecological restoration projects on the spatio-temporal change characteristics of different land-use types remains unclear.The spatio-temporal variability characteristics of land-use change and the driving factors on the Zoige Plateau during 2000-2010 and 2010-2015 were systematically analyzed by using image data from the years 2000,2010,and 2015.The results show that the land-use changes of 289.90 km^(2)from 2000 to 2015 were mainly attributed to the increase in grassland and built-up land area by 37.29 and 105.27 km^(2),respectively.Furthermore,wetland area decreased by 129.57 km^(2)over the fifteen years.Simultaneously,the social economy development and the population growth contributed to the significant increase of the built-up land compared to the transition of other land-use types.Ecological restoration projects promoted the restoration of wetlands and decreased cropland,leading to relative stability of shrubland and forestland.In addition,ecological restoration projects were critical factors involved in the increase of wetland area in Zoige Plateau.Desertification control projects is one of the factors that slowed down the expansion of sandy land area in Ruoergai and Hongyuan counties,and climate change was a secondary factor driving land-use change in this region.Strengthening the understanding of spatio-temporal changes in land use and the influencing factors can provide a theoretical basis for optimal regional land-use management and policy making.

关 键 词：青藏高原 土地利用变化 时空变化特征 生态恢复工程 驱动因素分析 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]