海岸带蓝碳增汇:理念、技术与未来建议  

Enhancement of Coastal Blue Carbon:Concepts,Techniques,and Future Suggestions

作　　者：韩广轩[1,2,3] 宋维民 李远 肖雷雷[1,2,3] 赵明亮 初小静[1,2,3] 谢宝华 HAN Guangxuan;SONG Weimin;LI Yuan;XIAO Leilei;ZHAO Mingliang;CHU Xiaojing;XIE Baohua(CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes,Yantai 264003,China;Yellow River Delta Ecology Research Station of Coastal Wetland,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dongying 257500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台264003 [2]山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室,烟台264003 [3]中国科学院黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态试验站,东营257500

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2023年第3期492-503,共12页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2106209、42071126);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA23050202),中国科学院国际大科学计划(121311KYSB20190029)。

摘　　要：盐沼、红树林、海草床等海岸带生态系统的蓝碳功能和固碳潜力已成为缓解全球气候变化的长期解决方案之一。然而以往的海岸带生态系统生态保护和修复工程忽视了蓝碳固碳增汇技术,在项目实施及管理过程中对碳汇状况的动态监测和系统评估也不够完善。文章提出了海岸带生态系统蓝碳增汇理念,重点围绕土壤碳减排技术、植物固碳增汇技术、土壤微生物固碳技术、碳沉积埋藏技术这4个关键技术,探索海岸带蓝碳增汇技术体系与途径。建议未来应从研发海岸带蓝碳增汇技术、实现生态保护修复与固碳增汇协同增效、加强固碳增汇技术的监测与评估、建立海岸带蓝碳碳汇发展的长效管理机制等方面,加快前瞻布局和系统研究,为制定海岸带蓝碳增汇途径和提升碳汇功能提供理论和技术支持,在增加生态碳汇能力和实现碳达峰碳中和目标中发挥积极作用。The blue carbon function and carbon sequestration potential of coastal ecosystems,such as salt marshes,mangroves and seagrass beds,have emerged as one of the long-term solutions to mitigate global climate change.However,the blue carbon sequestration technology has been neglected in most ecological protection and restoration projects of coastal ecosystems.Besides,in the process of project implementation and management,the dynamic monitoring and systematic evaluation of carbon sink are imperfect.This study proposes the concept of enhancement of coastal blue carbon,focusing on four key technologies of soil carbon emission reduction technology,plant carbon sequestration technology,soil microbial carbon sequestration technology,and carbon deposition and burial technology,to explore the technology system and approach to enhance coastal blue carbon.This study suggests accelerating forward-looking layout and system research,mainly by developing technologies of coastal blue carbon sequestration,achieving synergies between ecological conservation and restoration and carbon sequestration,strengthening the monitoring and evaluation of carbon sequestration and sink enhancement,and establishing a longterm management mechanism for the development of coastal blue carbon sink,which would provide theoretical and technical support for the formulation of coastal blue carbon and the enhancement of carbon sink function,and play an active role in enhancing ecological carbon sink capacity and achieving the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the future.

关 键 词：蓝碳 海岸带生态系统 固碳增汇 生态修复 理念与技术 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学] X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]