过瘤胃辣椒油树脂对奶牛血清抗氧化指标、免疫指标、激素水平的影响  

Effect of rumen-passed capsicum oleoresin on serum antioxidant indexes,immune indexes and hormone levels of dairy cows

作　　者：宋懿峰 赵阳 李霞 王园 刘娜[1] 安晓萍[1] 齐景伟[1] SONG Yi-feng;ZHAO Yang;LI Xia;WANG Yuan;LIU Na;AN Xiao-ping;QI Jing-wei

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院内蒙古自治区草食家畜饲料工程技术研究中心/智慧畜牧自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第2期12-16,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“沙漠牧场多维实景大数据采集及智能分析处理关键技术研究与应用示范(项目编号:2022YFSJ0029)”。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究过瘤胃辣椒油树脂对奶牛血清抗氧化指标、免疫指标、激素水平的影响。试验选用465头胎次(2.52±1.33)胎、泌乳天数(109.00±52.31)d的荷斯坦牛,随机分为2组,对照组236头牛,试验组229头牛。对照组牛饲喂全混合日粮(TMR),试验组在TMR中添加300 mg/(头·d)的过瘤胃辣椒油树脂。试验期91 d。结果显示,整个试验期内,温湿指数(THI)大于72的天数(即奶牛进入热应激状态)共62 d;试验前期、中期和后期的平均THI分别为70.61、75.60、73.17,THI大于72的天数分别为11、27、24 d。试验期内奶牛热应激严重程度顺序为试验中期>试验后期>试验前期。试验期90 d时,奶牛血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著高于30 d和60 d(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于30 d和60 d(P<0.05)。试验期30 d时,奶牛血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著低于60 d和90 d(P<0.05),60 d时奶牛血清白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量显著高于30 d和90 d(P<0.05),90 d时奶牛血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量显著高于30 d和60 d(P<0.05)。试验期60 d和90 d时,奶牛血清皮质醇(COR)含量显著低于30 d(P<0.05),60 d时奶牛血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)含量显著高于30 d和60 d(P<0.05),90 d时奶牛血清醛固酮(ALD)含量显著高于30 d和60 d(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,添加辣椒油树脂能够显著提高奶牛血清SOD活性(P<0.05),降低奶牛血清ALD含量(P<0.05)。日粮处理和试验时间对奶牛血清GSH-Px、SOD活性及ALD含量具有显著的互作效应(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮中添加300 mg/(头·d)过瘤胃辣椒油树脂能够提高奶牛生产性能,提高奶牛血清抗氧化水平,改善热应激下奶牛血清应激激素水平。The experiment was to study the effect of rumen-passed capsicum oleoresin on serum antioxidant index,serum immune index and serum hormone level of dairy cows.A total of 465 Holstein cows with(2.52±1.33)parity,with(109.00±52.31)d of lactation were randomly divided into two groups,236 cows in control group and 229 cows in test group.The cows in control group were fed with total mixed diet(TMR),and the test group was supplemented with 300 mg/(head·d)of rumen-passed capsicum oleoresin in TMR.The test period was 91 d.The results showed that during the whole experimental period,the days with THI more than 72(the cows entered heat stress state)were 62 d in total.The average THI in early,middle and late stages of test were 70.61,75.60 and 73.17,respectively,and the days with THI more than 72 were 11,27 and 24 d,respectively.The order of the severity of heat stress in dairy cows during test period was the middle stage of test>the later stage of test>the earlier stage of test.T-AOC and the activity of GSH-Px,CAT and SOD in serum of dairy cows at 90 d of trial period were significantly higher than those at 30 d and 60 d(P<0.05),and the content of MDA was significantly lower than those at 30 d and 60 d(P<0.05).At the 30th day of trial period,the serum IgG content of dairy cows was significantly lower than that of the 60th and 90th days(P<0.05),the serum IL-10 content of dairy cows at the 60th day was significantly higher than that of the 30th and 90th days(P<0.05),and the serum IgA,IgM,IL-6 content of dairy cows at the 90th day was significantly higher than that of the 30th and 60th days(P<0.05).At the 60th and 90th days of the trial period,the serum COR content of dairy cows was significantly lower than that of the 30th day(P<0.05),the serum T3 content of dairy cows at the 60th day was significantly higher than that of the 30th and 90th days(P<0.05),and the serum ALD content of dairy cows at the 90th day was significantly higher than that of the 30th and 60th days(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the addition of capsi

关 键 词：辣椒油树脂 热应激 抗氧化指标 免疫指标 激素 奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]