康拉德《台风》中的“苦力”问题  

The“Coolie”Problem in Conrad's Typhoon

作　　者：郭海霞[1] Guo Haixia

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学外国语学院

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2022年第2期67-80,共14页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科项目“英国海洋小说与国家认同和文化自信研究”(19YJAZH025);上海高等学校一流本课课程《英国文学史及作品选读》建设项目的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：康拉德的《台风》以展现人与海洋的搏斗而出名,然而,国内外学者很少关注小说中的中国苦力和苦力贸易问题,同时忽视了其深远的政治和经济渊源。运用新历史主义和东方主义理论并结合作者传记以及作者所生活的历史环境重读该小说,可以挖掘小说文本与真实历史形成的映射,揭示其隐含的苦力贸易的真相。本文从小说中康拉德对中国苦力的人物书写入手,主要探讨其背后所隐藏的苦力贸易等问题,揭示苦力贸易的历史背景和文化语境,探索小说与文本历史性的关系,并指出康拉德在小说中对中国苦力形象的描写是掺杂着本土想象的西方人对中国人形象的再创造和再生产。Joseph Conrad's Typhoon has an enduring appeal as a sea fiction revealing the struggle between human and the ocean.However,scholars at home and aboard seldom pay attention to the question of coolie and coolie trade in the novella,and neglect the political and economic origin of it.With the application of new historicism and Orientalism,and a combination of Conrad's biography and the historical environment in which he lived,rereading of the novella can probe into the historical facts in the text,and reveal the truth of coolie trade in the 19th century.Starting from Conrad's description of Chinese coolie,the paper focuses on the question of coolie trade,uncovers the historical background and cultural environment of the trade,and explores the relationship between fiction and text historicity.The paper argues that Conrad's description of Chinese coolie's image is Westerners'recreation and reproduction of Chinese image intermingled with their own imagination.

关 键 词：康拉德 《台风》 苦力贸易 新历史主义 东方主义 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]