精准推送中的安宁权侵权责任认定  

Identification of Tort Liability of the Right To Tranquility in Accurate Push

作　　者：范玉吉 过怡安 FAN Yu-ji;Guo YI an

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学传播学院,上海201620

出　　处：《未来传播》2023年第1期52-59,122,共9页Future Communication

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“传播权视角下全球互联网治理的理论范式与秩序重构研究”(19YJA860002);国家社科基金重大项目“人工智能时代的新闻伦理与法规”(18ZDA308)。

摘　　要：数字经济时代,精准推送在商业利益推动之下以电话、短信、广告等方式给被推送人造成了信息侵扰,并由此引发多起侵权诉讼。《民法典》第一千零三十二条第二款增加“私人生活安宁”为隐私权的重要内容,将安宁权保护纳入隐私权保护体系,使被推送人的安宁权保护变得有法可循。但《民法典》仅为安宁权保护提供了原则性指引,受相关部门法衔接不紧密、被推送人自身限制等因素限制,司法实践中存在着安宁权侵权行为定性、“主观过错”要件厘定等方面的诸多争议,被推送人难以对自身安宁权享有积极的支配权利。面对安宁权保护在立法与司法两个维度上的双重需要,应进一步明确安宁权侵权行为的判断规则及其救济手段,以期解决传播过程中精准推送中的安宁权侵权问题。In the era of digital economy,driven by commercial interests,precise push has caused information harassment to the pushed person by means of phone calls,text messages,advertisements,etc.,and has caused many infringement lawsuits.Paragraph 2 of Article 1032 of the Civil Code adds"the tranquility of private life"as an important part of the right to privacy,and incorporates the protection of the right to tranquility into the privacy protection system,so that the protection of the right to tranquility of the pushed person becomes legal to follow.However,the"Civil Code"only provides principled guidance for the protection of the right to tranquility.Restricted by factors such as the lack of close connection between the laws of the relevant departments and the limitations of the person being pushed,there is a characterization of the infringement of the right to tranquility and the determination of"subjective fault"elements in judicial practice.It is difficult for the pushed person to enjoy the active right of control over his right to tranquility.Faced with the dual needs of the protection of the right to tranquility in both legislative and judicial dimensions,it is necessary to further clarify the identification standards and remedies for the infringement of the right to tranquility,in order to solve the problem of infringement of the right to tranquility in the precise push.

关 键 词：安宁权 精准推送 安宁利益 精神性人格权 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]