应对方式和文化适应压力对来华留学生心理状况的影响  

Impact of coping styles and acculturative stress on the mental health status of international students in China

作　　者：徐玮 温婷 李强[3] XU Wei;WEN Ting;LI Qiang(Department of Psychology,Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津职业技术师范大学心理学系,天津300222 [2]南开大学滨海学院 [3]南开大学

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2023年第1期9-14,共6页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：天津市教育科学规划课题(EBE210272)。

摘　　要：目的 分析来华留学生应对方式、文化适应压力与心理状况的关系,探索文化适应压力在二者间的中介作用。方法 采用应对方式量表、文化适应压力量表和简易心理状况量表,对天津市13所高校的523名来华留学生进行问卷调查,运用依次回归及结构方程模型的统计方法,分析来华留学生的问题聚焦应对、情绪聚焦应对、逃避应对、文化适应压力及心理状况间的心理机制。结果 共发放问卷523份,收回有效问卷513份,其中男生248名,女生265名。具有汉语基础的留学生心理状况得分低于无汉语基础的留学生,差异有统计学意义(t=4.23,P<0.05),来华留学生的问题聚焦应对与心理状况得分负相关(r=-0.15,P<0.01),逃避应对与心理状况显著正相关(r=0.22,P<0.01);文化适应压力与来华留学生心理状况得分呈显著正相关(r=0.42,P<0.01);问题聚焦应对和逃避应对能显著预测来华留学生的心理状况(t=-3.53,P<0.001;t=5.52,P<0.001);来华留学生的文化适应压力在问题聚焦应对及逃避应对与心理状况间起中介作用(t=9.97,P<0.001;t=9.93,P<0.001)。结论 积极健康的应对方式能够帮助来华留学生更好地处理日常生活中的文化适应压力,为来华留学生提供专业的心理帮助可有效地提升其心理健康水平。Objective To investigate the relationship among coping styles,acculturative stress and mental health status of international students in China,and to explore the mediating effect of acculturative stress between coping styles and mental health status. Methods A sample of 523 international students from 13 universities and colleges in Tianjin had been surveyed through questionnaires with COPE,Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students and The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale.Hierarchical regression and structural equation model were uesd to explore the relationship among problem-focused coping,emotion-focused coping,avoidance coping,acculturative stress and mental health status. Results A total of 523 questionnaires were distributed,513 valid questionnaires were received,including 248 males and 265 females. The mental health status score of international students with basic knowledge of Chinese language was lower than the international students without basic knowledge of Chinese language,the difference was statistically significant(t=4.23,P<0.05). Problem-focused coping was negatively related to mental health status(r=-0.15,P<0.01),avoidance coping was positively related to mental health status(r=0.22,P<0.01).Significant positive correlation had been found between acculturative stress and mental health status(r=0.42,P<0.01).Problem-focused coping and avoidance coping could predict mental health status of international students significantly(t=-3.53,P<0.001;t=5.52,P<0.001).Acculturative stress had a mediating effect on the relationships between problemfocused coping,avoidance coping and mental health status(t=9.97,P<0.001;t=9.93,P<0.001). Conclusion Positive coping styles can help the international students deal with the pressure of cultural adaptation in their daily life,providing professional psychological assistance for international students can effectively improve their mental health state.

关 键 词：来华留学生 应对方式 心理状况 文化适应压力 中介效应 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]