ADHD儿童自我意识水平及其影响因素研究  

Self-concept and its influencing factors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

作　　者：任艳玲[1] 蔡婧[1] 马岭[1] 张毅力[1] 王苏弘[1] 庞高峰[2] REN Yanling;CAI Jing;MA Ling;ZHANG Yili;WANG Suhong;PANG Gaofeng(Department of Clinical Psychology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213003,Jiangsu,China;Department of Pediatrics,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213003,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第三医院(常州市第一人民医院)临床心理科,江苏常州213003 [2]苏州大学附属第三医院(常州市第一人民医院)儿科,江苏常州213003

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2023年第8期31-34,38,共5页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F202060)。

摘　　要：目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童自我意识特征,探讨自我意识与反应控制能力、注意能力及智商之间的关系。方法选取2019年9月至2020年12月苏州大学附属第三医院儿童心理咨询门诊就诊的ADHD儿童50例作为ADHD组,同时段选取某小学3~5年级健康学生50例作为对照组,填写Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表,完成韦氏智商测试和反应控制注意力测试,对两组数据进行比较分析和相关分析。结果除躯体外貌与属性外,ADHD组儿童自我意识量表总分、行为、智力与学校情况、焦虑、合群、幸福与满足项目、反应控制及注意商数得分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);ADHD组自我意识总分与听觉注意商数和综合注意商数呈正相关(P<0.05);行为与听觉注意商数、视觉注意商数和综合注意商数呈正相关(P<0.05);智力与学校情况与言语智商和总智商呈正相关(P<0.05);躯体外貌与属性与言语智商呈正相关(P<0.05);焦虑与操作智商呈正相关(P<0.05);合群与听觉注意商数和综合注意商数呈正相关(P<0.05);幸福与满足与听觉注意商数、综合注意商数和操作智商呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论ADHD儿童存在反应控制和注意力缺陷及自我意识水平低下,自我意识与注意能力与智商尤其是言语智商密切相关。Objective To study the characteristics of self-concept and to explore the relationship between self-concept and response control,attention ability and intelligence quotient(IQ)in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods Fifty children with ADHD were selected from the Children's Psychological Counseling Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from September 2019 to December 2020 as the ADHD group.At the same time,fifty healthy students from grade 3 to grade 5 of a primary school were selected as the control group.All the participants completed the Piers-Harris children’s self-concept scale(PHCSS),the Chinese revised wechsler intelligence scale for children(C-WISC)and a response control test.Use comparative analysis and correlation analysis for the two groups of data.Results In addition to physical appearance and attributes of the body,the scores of ADHD childrenʼs PHCSS were significantly lower than those of the normal control group,response control ability and attention quotient scores were lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of self-concept in ADHD group was positively correlated with auditory attention quotient and comprehensive attention quotient(P<0.05);Behavior was positively correlated with auditory attention quotient,visual attention quotient and comprehensive attention quotient(P<0.05);Intelligence and school conditions were positively correlated with verbal IQ and total IQ(P<0.05);Physical appearance and attributes were positively correlated with verbal intelligence(P<0.05);Anxiety was positively correlated with operational intelligence(P<0.05);Grouping had positive correlation with auditory attention quotient and comprehensive attention quotient(P<0.05);Happiness and satisfaction were positively correlated with auditory attention quotient,total attention quotient and operational intelligence quotient(P<0.05).Conclusions ADHD has response control and attention deficit,there is low self-conce

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 自我意识 影响因素 智商 注意力 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]