Structural and functional alterations in the brains of patients with anisometropic and strabismic amblyopia:a systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies  

作　　者：Yuxia Wang Ye Wu Lekai Luo Fei Li 

机构地区：[1]Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC),Department of Radiology,West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China [2]Department of Ophthalmology,Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences,West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China [3]Department of Radiology,West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,China

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2023年第11期2348-2356,共9页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

摘　　要：Amblyopia is the most common cause of vision loss in children and can persist into adulthood in the absence of effective intervention.Previous clinical and neuroimaging studies have suggested that the neural mechanisms underlying strabismic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia may be different.Therefore,we performed a systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating brain alterations in patients with these two subtypes of amblyopia;this study is registered with PROSPERO(registration ID:CRD42022349191).We searched three online databases(PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science) from inception to April 1,2022;39 studies with 633 patients(324patients with anisometropic amblyo pia and 309 patients with strabismic amblyopia) and 580 healthy controls met the inclusion criteria(e.g.,case-control designed,pee r-reviewed articles) and were included in this review.These studies highlighted that both strabismic amblyopia and anisometropic amblyopia patients showed reduced activation and distorted topological cortical activated maps in the striate and extrastriate co rtices during tas k-based functional magnetic resonance imaging with spatial-frequency stimulus and retinotopic representations,respectively;these may have arisen from abnormal visual experiences.Compensations for amblyopia that are reflected in enhanced spontaneous brain function have been reported in the early visual cortices in the resting state,as well as reduced functional connectivity in the dorsal pathway and structural connections in the ventral pathway in both anisometro pic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia patients.The shared dysfunction of anisometro pic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia patients,relative to controls,is also chara cterized by reduced spontaneous brain activity in the oculomotor co rtex,mainly involving the frontal and parietal eye fields and the cerebellu m;this may underlie the neural mechanisms of fixation instability and anomalous saccades in amblyopia.With regards to specific alterations of the two forms of amblyo

关 键 词：AMBLYOPIA ANISOMETROPIA brain function magnetic resonance imaging oculomotor system precortical pathway STRABISMUS structure visual cortex 

分 类 号：R777.44[医药卫生—眼科]