缢蛏对虾-蟹混养池塘底质微生物数量和活性的影响  

Effect of Sinonova culaconstricta on the Quantity and Activity of Microorganism in the Sediment of Crab-Shrimp Polyculture Ponds

作　　者：刘慧玲 柴欣如 许文军 何杰 张东旭 LIU Hui-Ling;CHAI Xin-Ru;XU Wen-Jun(School of Fisheries of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;Marine and Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江省海水增养殖重点实验室,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期50-56,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32002395);浙江省海洋水产研究所博士启动基金(2020B04)。

摘　　要：为研究不同密度缢蛏混养对海水养殖池塘微生物数量及酶活性的影响,建立了4组实验生态系统,对照组为三疣梭子蟹-日本囊对虾混养系统,另外3组实验组分别为混养了3种不同密度缢蛏的三疣梭子蟹-日本囊对虾-缢蛏养殖系统。本研究对底泥细菌总数、不同类群的细菌数量、微生物活性以及底泥中总碳、总氮含量的动态变化进行监测研究。结果显示,随着缢蛏混养密度增加,好氧细菌数量显著增加,而细菌总丰度、厌氧细菌、细菌芽孢、弧菌等数量及微生物活性显著降低。相关性分析结果显示,底泥中厌氧细菌数量与总碳、总氮含量显著正相关;芽孢数与总氮含量显著正相关;底泥中微生物酶活性与总碳、总氮含量显著正相关。本研究结果表明,缢蛏混养可能通过滤食等生理活动明显降低养殖系统底泥有机质含量,减少微生物可利用底物,进而影响不同类群细菌丰度。从养殖系统底泥微生物数量及活性角度来看,本研究条件下,缢蛏放养密度34.7×10^(4) ind.·hm^(-2)为较优混养密度。To study the effects of mixed culture of Sinonova culaconstricta with different densities on the number of microorganisms and enzyme activities in mariculture ponds,four groups of experimental ecosystems were established in this study,namely,S.constricta with three different densities were mixed in the culture system of Portunus trituberculatus-Marsupenaeus japonicus,and the culture system of P.trituberculatus-M.japonicus was used as the control.The total number of bacteria in the sediment,the number of bacteria in different groups,microbial activity,and the dynamic changes of total carbon(TC)and total nitrogen(TN)content in the sediment during the farming season were determined.The results showed that with the increase of mixed culture density,the number of aerobic bacteria increased significantly,while the total abundance of bacteria,the number of anaerobic bacteria,spores,vibrio,and microbial activity decreased significantly.The correlation analysis results showed that the number of anaerobic bacteria in the sediment was significantly positively correlated with the TC and TN content.The number of spores was significantly positively correlated with TN content;microbial enzyme activity in sediment was significantly positively correlated with TC and TN content.The results showed that the mixed culture of S.constricta could significantly reduce the organic matter content in the sediment of the polyculture system and reduce the available substrate of microorganisms,thereby affecting the abundance of different groups of bacteria.From the perspective of the number and activity of microorganisms in the sediment of the polyculture system,the optimal mixed culture density was 34.7×10^(4) ind.·hm^(-2).

关 键 词：缢蛏 底质微生物 微生物活性 养殖池塘 

分 类 号：S967.4[农业科学—水产养殖]