外泌体作为药物载体在胰腺癌化学治疗中的作用  

Effect of exosomes as drug carriers in chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer

作　　者：徐彪铭 左朝晖 XU Biaoming;ZUO Chaohui(Hengyang Medical School,University of South China,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital,Hengyang Hunan 421001;Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery,Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University&Hunan Cancer Hospital,Translational Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer and Laboratory of Digestive Oncology of Hunan Cancer Hospital&Hunan Cancer Control Institute,Changsha 410013,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学衡阳医学院,湖南省肿瘤医院研究生协作培养基地,湖南衡阳421001 [2]中南大学湘雅医学院附属肿瘤医院(湖南省肿瘤医院)胃十二指肠胰腺外科,湖南省肿瘤医院(湖南省肿瘤防治研究所)肝癌转化医学联合研究中心和消化道肿瘤实验室,长沙410013

出　　处：《中南大学学报（医学版）》2023年第2期268-274,共7页Journal of Central South University ：Medical Science

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(2020JJ4053);长沙市科技项目(KQ2004130)。

摘　　要：胰腺癌(pancreatic cancer,PC)是预后极差的消化道恶性肿瘤。PC的发病率仍在持续增长,其5年生存率仅为10%。手术切除是当前治疗PC最有效的手段,但有80%的患者诊断为PC时已错过手术最佳时间。化学治疗(简称化疗)是PC的主要治疗方式之一,但PC对化疗不敏感、容易产生耐药且不良反应多,这与化疗药物缺乏靶向性有关。外泌体是一种几乎所有类型细胞都可分泌的纳米级囊泡,携带有各种生物活性物质,介导细胞间的转导及物质运输。外泌体具有低免疫原性、低细胞毒性、高穿透性和归巢能力,具有成为良好药物载体的潜力。将外泌体作为各类化疗药物的载体用于治疗肿瘤已成为研究的热点。外泌体载药可以缓解化疗耐药、减轻不良反应和增强疗效。近年来外泌体作为药物载体在PC化疗的研究中取得了较好的成果。Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract with poor patientprognosis. The PC incidence is still increasing with a 5-year survival rate of only 10%. Atpresent, surgical resection is the most effective method to treat PC, however, 80% of thepatients missed the best time for surgery after they have been diagnosed as PC. Chemotherapy is one of the main treating methods but PC is insensitive to chemotherapy,prone to drug resistance, and is accompanied by many side effects which are related to alack of specific target. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by almost all cell typesand can carry various bioactive substances which mediate cell communication and materialtransport. They are characterized by a low immunogenicity, low cytotoxicity, highpenetration potential and homing capacity, and possess the potential of being used asadvanced drug carriers. Therefore, it is a hot research topic to use drug-loaded exosomesfor tumor therapy. They may alleviate chemotherapy resistance, reduce side effects, andenhance the curative effect. In recent years, exosome drug carriers have achievedconsiderable results in PC chemotherapy studies.

关 键 词：胰腺癌 外泌体 药物载体 化学药物治疗 耐药 

分 类 号：R735.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]