民营企业家地位感知与员工雇佣保障  

Status Perception of Private Entrepreneurs and Employment Protection

作　　者：淦未宇 覃天柱 Gan Weiyu;Qin Tianzhu(School of Business,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学商学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第1期93-107,123,共16页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71802169,71972017,72032007);西南政法大学2022年度学生科研创新项目(2022XZXS-139)。

摘　　要：员工雇佣保障是改善人民生活水平、稳定就业市场的微观基础与实践路径。文章利用全国私营企业抽样调查数据考察了民营企业家主观地位感知对企业员工雇佣保障的影响效应。实证结果表明,民营企业家主观地位感知能够强化雇员劳动权益保障质量。具体来讲,当企业家主观地位感知较高时,企业长期员工雇佣比例显著提升,短期和临时员工雇佣比例显著降低。进一步检验揭示,企业家主观地位主要藉由改善内部用工环境、增强员工“集体发声”和强化政企联结等三条路径提升员工雇佣保障质量。研究还发现,民营企业家主观地位感知对员工雇佣保障的作用强度还受到企业所在地区官员晋升预期、市场化进程、失业率水平和企业个体特征的异质性影响。文章从社会心理学视角揭示了企业家主观地位感知对员工雇佣保障的影响效应及作用机理,拓展了员工权益保障主题的研究文献。它也为营造尊重企业家干事创业社会氛围、增强企业家自我认同以及推动经济社会高质量发展提供了必要的实践启示。Employment protection is the micro foundation and practical path to improve people’s living standards and stabilize the employment market. Based on the 11th and 12th micro survey data gathered from private firms in China, this paper empirically studies the impact of the status perception of private entrepreneurs on employment protection. The study finds that the improvement of the status perception level of private entrepreneurs can significantly improve the psychological state of entrepreneurs, strengthen their long-term business-oriented behavior, and then enhance their willingness to fulfill employees’ corporate social responsibility. Specifically,when the status perception of entrepreneurs is higher, the employment proportion of long-term employees is significantly increased, while that of short-term and temporary employees is significantly reduced. At the same time, the above relationships are heterogeneous with different regions and firm situations. The study finds that when the career horizon of officials in the region where the firm is located is higher, entrepreneurs with a higher subjective status are vulnerable to the impact of local government officials, thus strengthening the impact on employment protection.When the regional market environment is worse and the unemployment rate is higher,entrepreneurs with a higher subjective status tend to take the initiative to take responsibility and take actions to improve the quality of employment protection. In addition, the subjective status of entrepreneurs can effectively mitigate the adverse impact of high-level risk perception, and nonunion and non-political connection on employment protection. The empirical results show that,when the career horizon of officials in the region where the firm is located is higher, the market system is worse, and the unemployment rate is higher, the impact of the status perception of entrepreneurs on employment protection is more obvious. When a firm has a higher level of risk perception and does not establish unions and

关 键 词：民营企业家 主观地位感知 员工雇佣保障 企业家精神 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]