山东省小学生及家长“三减”干预效果评价  

Evaluation for intervention effects of"three reductions"among primary school students and their parents in Shandong Province

作　　者：董静[1] 刘丹茹[1] 任杰[1] 郭晓雷[1] 徐聪 鹿子龙[1] 徐春晓[1] 陈先献[1] 唐俊利[1] 高丛丛[1] 马吉祥[1] DONG Jing;LIU Dan-ru;REN Jie;GUO Xiao-lei;XU Cong;LU Zi-long;XU Chun-xiao;CHEN Xian-xian;TANG Jun-li;GAO Cong-cong;MA Ji-xiang(Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong Province 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制所,山东省济南250014

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2023年第1期35-37,41,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202012071231);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202112050706);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2015WS0280);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2014WS0384);山东省科技发展计划(2013YD18008);委省联合三减控三高项目。

摘　　要：目的评价以学校为基础的减盐、减油、减糖(简称“三减”)综合干预试点活动的干预效果,为制定学校“三减”策略提供科学依据。方法于2021年9—12月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,选取山东省5个县(市、区)15个班的682名学生和682名家长作为研究对象。以学校为平台开展“三减”健康教育课、“三减”宣传月等多种形式的综合干预,干预时间为12周。干预前后均采用问卷调查“三减”相关知识和行为水平。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行配对χ^(2)检验。结果干预后,学生对成人食盐、食用油、添加糖推荐摄入量的知晓率(88.97%、78.84%、85.10%)均较干预前(分别为57.08%、39.94%和56.78%)提高,“三减”健康饮食行为习惯均明显改善,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。干预后,家长对成人食盐、食用油、添加糖推荐摄入量的知晓率分别为(90.67%、78.72%、82.65%)均较干预前(分别为68.74%、43.86%和57.28%)提高,减盐、减油健康饮食行为习惯与干预前相比均明显改善,经常吃甜食或零食、购买饮料时参考营养标签的比例较干预前提高,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论以学校为平台的“三减”干预模式可以提高小学生及家长对减盐、减油、减糖的认知水平,建立健康饮食习惯。学校“三减”干预模式有效可行。Objective To evaluate the comprehensive intervention effects of reducing salt,oil and sugar(three reductions)based on schools,and provide the scientific basis for making"three reductions"strategy in schools.Methods The multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 682 students and 682 parents from 15 classes in 5 counties in Shandong as the subjects.Based on school platform,the comprehensive interventions such as"three reductions"health education classes and"three reductions"publicity month were conducted for 12 weeks.Before and after intervention,the questionnaire was used to investigate the relative knowledge and behaviour levels of"three reductions".The pairedχ^(2)test was used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS 20.0.Results After the intervention,the awareness rates of students on the recommended intake of salt,edible oil and added sugar for adults in students were 88.97%,78.84%and 85.10%,respectively;which were significantly higher than those(57.08%,39.94%and 56.78%,respectively)before the intervention;and the healthy dietary behaviour of"three reductions"were significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01).After the intervention,the awareness rates on the recommended intake of adult salt,edible oil and added sugar for adults in parents were 90.67%,78.72%and 82.65%,respectively;which were significantly higher than those(68.74%,43.86%and 57.28%,respectively)before the intervention;the reducing salt and oil behaviour of parents were significantly improved.The proportions of eating sweets or snacks and referring to nutrition labels when buying drinks increased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion The school-based intervention model of"three reductions"can improve the cognition level of salt reduction,oil reduction and sugar reduction in primary school students and their parents,and establish healthy dietary habits.The intervention model of"three reductions"in schools is effective and feasible.

关 键 词：学生 减盐 减油 减糖 效果评价 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]