山东省部分高考新生入伍耳鼻咽喉体检结果分析  

Analysis of findings of ear,nose,and throat exam of some freshmen in military college entrance examination in Shandong Province

作　　者：田秀娟 贺祯 孙经经 李辉 任恒一 陈剑秋 TIAN Xiujuan;HE Zhen;SUN Jingjing;LI Hui;REN Hengyi;CHEN Jianqiu(Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,No.960 Hospital of PLA,Jinan(250032),China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九六〇医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,山东济南250032

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第1期127-130,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的分析山东省高考新生入伍耳鼻咽喉检查结果,为有针对性地开展学生健康指导提供参考。方法选取来自山东省济南市、淄博市及潍坊市的1411名高考入伍新生,通过电耳镜、5 m耳语测试法、前鼻镜等分别检查耳、鼻、咽喉健康状况。结果高考入伍新生鼻部查体中鼻中隔偏曲及下鼻甲肥大最多见。鼻中隔偏曲共489例,济南市检出率(15.97%)低于潍坊市(43.60%)和淄博市(46.53%),城市户籍新生检出率(31.53%)低于乡村户籍新生(39.03%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为63.32,4.11,P值均<0.05)。下鼻甲肥大共72例,济南市检出率(2.99%)低于潍坊市(6.51%)和淄博市(6.04%),男生(4.63%)、城市户籍新生(3.94%)分别低于女生(9.56%)、乡村户籍新生(6.70%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为6.63,5.35,4.86,P值均<0.05)。咽部查体中扁桃体肥大最多见,共214例,济南市检出率(22.36%)高于潍坊市(11.71%)和淄博市(10.74%),男生检出率(14.38%)低于女生检出率(22.79%),城市户籍新生检出率(17.24%)高于乡村户籍新生(12.40%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为22.39,4.70,4.65,P值均<0.05)。结论入伍体检合格的高考新生中鼻中隔偏曲和扁桃体肥大占比较高,应注重加强高中生鼻部及咽部疾患的防治。Objective To analyze the ear,nose,and throat exam of some freshmen in the military college entrance examination in Shandong Province in 2020 and to facilitate adolescent targeted health promotion.Methods The 1411 freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination in Jinan,Zibo and Weifang of Shandong Province were included.The ear,nose,and throat exam were performed by professionals using electric otoscope,5-meter whispering test,and front rhinoscope.Results Nasal septal deviation and hypertrophy of inferior turbinate accounted for the highest proportion.Among 489 cases of nasal septum deviation,the detection rate of Jinan(15.97%)was significantly lower than that of Weifang(43.60%)and Zibo(46.53%)(χ^(2)=63.32,P<0.05).For deviation of nasal septum,the detection rate in students with urban residence(31.53%)was significantly lower than that of rural students(39.03%)(χ^(2)=4.11,P<0.05).Seventy-two cases of inferior turbinate hyperplasia were detected,and the detection rate in Jinan(2.99%)was significantly lower than that in Weifang(6.51%)and Zibo(6.04%)(χ^(2)=6.63,P<0.05).The detection rate of tonsil hypertrophy was significantly lower in boys(4.63%),students from urban area(3.94%),compared with that of girls(9.56%)and rural students(6.70%)(χ^(2)=5.35,4.86,P<0.05).In pharyngeal examination,tonsil hyperplasia was the most common condition of enlarged tonsils(n=214),which was significantly higher in Jinan(22.36%)than that of Weifang(11.71%)and Zibo(10.74%)(χ^(2)=22.39,P<0.05),and was significantly lower in boys(14.38%)and rural students(12.40%)than that in girls(22.79%)and urban students(17.24%)(χ^(2)=4.70,4.65,P<0.05).Conclusion Nasal septum deviation and tonsil hypertrophy are the most prevalent upper airway diseases among freshmen participating in the military college entrance examination.Prevention and treatment of nasopharynx diseases should be emphasized.

关 键 词：耳鼻喉疾病 体格检查 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R762[文化科学—教育学]