水土质量调查评价与人群健康关系的融合路径研究  

Integration path research of water and soil quality investigation and evaluation and human health relationship

作　　者：王新峰[1,2,3,4] 龚磊 刘元晴[1,2] 宋绵 张梦南[1,2] 吕琳[1,2] 魏建朋[1] 马学军 孟顺祥[1,2] Wang Xinfeng;Gong Lei;Liu Yuanqing;Song Mian;Zhang Mengnan;LüLin;Wei Jianpeng;Ma Xuejun;Meng Shunxiang(Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,China Geological Survey,Baoding Hebei 071051,China;Center for Groundwater Exploration and Development Engineering Technology Research,China Geological Survey,Baoding Hebei 071051,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and Optimization of Industrial Structure,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心,河北保定071051 [2]中国地质调查局地下水勘查与开发工程技术研究中心,河北保定071051 [3]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [4]河北地质大学河北省水资源可持续利用与产业结构优化协同创新中心,石家庄050031

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2023年第2期305-314,共10页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省水资源可持续利用与产业结构优化协同创新中心开放基金(XTZX202106);中国地质调查局典型水化学环境异常区健康地质调查课题(DD2022175403);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221754)。

摘　　要：为有效支撑健康中国行动,我国正在探索开展健康地质调查,但受制于对健康地质概念的理解,统一的工作思路和技术方法还未形成,制约了此项工作在全国的推广。采用文献研究、定性分析及对比分析等方法,综述了国内外水土质量调查评价与地方病防治的最新研究成果,特别关注了在中国分布较广、影响较大的氟中毒、砷中毒、甲状腺肿(包括克汀病)、大骨节病和克山病等地方病的研究思路与最新进展。研究认为:健康地质调查与传统地质调查的最大区别是以影响人群健康的水土质量为核心指标,加强水岩相互作用研究方法和地下水流系统的运用,强化分析元素物质在岩-土-水-气-生地球表层圈层的迁移转化及暴露途径,坚持地球系统科学和生命科学相结合、岩水土气生等多要素系统监测与单因素优势观测相结合、地质环境与人群健康指标调查监测相结合、区域全面调查与典型案列分析相结合的工作思路,有序推进健康地质调查、监测、评价、区划、智慧服务等工作任务,部署开展保障安全供水、提供健康饮水、开发优质水和圈定劣质地块、开发优质耕地、规划有益元素产业园等核心内容,按照区域面上控制、流域精细刻画、村镇监测重点解剖、点上工程示范探索4个尺度,系统开展水土质量本底调查、资源属性分析和社会价值评估,构建水土质量与人群健康关系概念框架,筛选人群健康关键因素的管控阈值,从而满足人群对安全、公平、幸福、文化、可持续等健康需求。研究成果明确了当前健康地质调查的核心任务与主要方向,可为这一尚处于探索阶段工作的推广部署提供决策参考。To effectively support the Healthy China Initiative,China is exploring the development of a geohealth survey.However,due to the insufficient understanding of the concept of geohealthy,aunified working philosophy and technical approach have not yet been formed,which restricts the promotion of this work throughout the country.This paper reviewed the latest research results on the investigation and evaluation of soil and water quality and the prevention and control of endemic disease by employing literature research,qualitative analysis and comparative analysis.Special attention was paid to the research ideas and latest progress of endemic diseases such as fluorosis,arsenism,goiter(including cretinism),Kashin-Beck disease and Keshan disease,which are widely distributed and highly influential in China.It was found that the geohealth survey takes the water and soil quality affecting human health as the core index,which is the major difference between it and the traditional geological surveys.In the geohealth survey,we should①Strengthen the application of water-rock interaction research methods and groundwater flow system analysis methods,②Emphasize the analysis of the migration,transformation,and exposure pathways of elements in the earth superficial spheres of lithosphere-soilosphere-hydrosphere-atmosphere-biosphere,and③Insist on the principles of combining earth system science and life science,combining systemic monitoring of multi-factors with single-factor dominant observation,combining investigation and monitoring of geological environment and human health indicators,and combining comprehensive regional investigation with the typical case study.It is suggested to orderly promote the tasks of geohealth survey,monitoring,evaluation,zoning and intelligent services,and deploy keyworks such as ensuring safe water supply,providing healthy drinking water,developing high-quality water,delineating inferior plots,developing high-quality arable land,and planning agricultural parks with beneficial elements.A cross-scal

关 键 词：人群健康 水土质量调查 地方病 健康地质调查 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]