北京市军队离退休老年人吞咽障碍患病率及相关因素分析  

Prevalence and related factors of dysphagia in military retired elderly in Beijing

作　　者：曹艳菊 冯瑞娟 牛丽君 尹婷婷 王丽惠 谢静 张玉丛 曾源 Cao Yanju;Feng Ruijuan;Niu Lijun;Yin Tingting;Wang Lihui;Xie Jing;Zhang Yucong;Zeng Yuan(Forth Department of Special Medical Services,Medical Center of PLA Strategic Support Force,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]战略支援部队特色医学中心特勤诊疗四科,北京100101

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2023年第3期286-288,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：医药卫生科研课题(19ZX38);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0207400)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市军队离退休居家老年人吞咽障碍的患病率及相关因素。方法采用随机抽样方法,选择2020年8月至2021年10月北京市7所军队干休所及战略支援部队特色医学中心军人门诊慢病复诊的≥60岁居家老年人作为调研对象,共301例。采用一般数据问卷、进食评估问卷调查工具10(EAT-10)评分及容积-粘度吞咽测试(V-VST)进行调查。结果51例有吞咽障碍,患病率为16.94%,年龄≥85岁患病率为25.77%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,体质量指数<18 kg/m^(2)、帕金森病、脑卒中和长期服用镇静剂(≥6个月)是吞咽障碍的独立危险因素(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.92~0.99,P=0.017;OR=5.16,95%CI:1.53~17.43,P=0.008;OR=3.82,95%CI:1.54~9.46,P=0.004;OR=3.06,95%CI:1.56~6.00,P=0.001)。结论北京市军队离退休居家老年人吞咽障碍的患病率与年龄相关,年龄≥85岁患病率更高;低体质量指数、帕金森病、脑卒中及长期使用镇静剂是吞咽障碍的危险因素。Objective To investigate the prevalence of dysphagia in military retired elderly in Beijing and analyze the related factors.Methods Random sampling was perform to select the older adults(≥60 years)from 7 homes for military retired cadres and elderly(≥60 years)with home-based care who made return visit due to chronic diseases to our clinic for military personnel.Finally,301 eligible participants were subjected in this study.All of them were surveyed with general information questionnaire,Eating Assessment Tool 10(EAT-10)and Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test(V-VST).Results There were 51 participants diagnosed with dysphagia(EAT-10≥3 and V-VST positive).The prevalence was 16.94%totally,and was 25.77%for those aged≥85 years.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI<18 kg/m^(2),Parkinson’s disease,history of stroke and long-term use of sedatives(≥6 months)were independent risk factors of dysphagia(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.92-0.99,P=0.017;OR=5.16,95%CI:1.53-17.43,P=0.008;OR=3.82,95%CI:1.54-9.46,P=0.004;OR=3.06,95%CI:1.56-6.00,P=0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of dysphagia is associated with age in military retired elderly in Beijing,and it is higher in those≥85 years old.Low BMI,Parkinson’s disease,history of stroke and long-term use of sedatives are independent risk factors of dysphagia.

关 键 词：吞咽障碍 危险因素 体重减轻 帕金森病 卒中 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]