菌草栽培平菇子实体的营养成分分析  

Analysis of Nutritional Components in Fruiting Body of Oyster Mushrooms Cultivated with JUNCAO

作　　者：林应兴[1] LIN Ying-xing(China National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第1期172-176,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：福建省重大专项“菌草种质创新及其产业化利用关键技术研究与应用”(2021NZ029009);福建农林大学“学科交叉融合推动菌草科学及产业高质量发展”(XKJC-712021030)。

摘　　要：以菌草栽培的平菇子实体为试验材料,采用国家标准分析方法测定菌草平菇子实体的营养成分含量。结果表明:菌草平菇具有高蛋白(22.5 g/100 g)、高膳食纤维(22.16 g/100 g)、低脂肪(2.8 g/100 g)、丰富的多糖(20.2 g/100 g)和富含多种矿物质元素的特点。菌草平菇的蛋白质中含有17种氨基酸,氨基酸总量为21.75 g/100 g,其中,7种人体必需氨基酸(EAA)的总含量为8.33 g/100 g;3种支链氨基酸,其支链氨基酸总量/芳香族氨基酸总量的比值(F值)为2.19;富含鲜甜味氨基酸,其含量占总氨基酸含量的53%;必需氨基酸/总氨基酸值为0.38,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸的值为0.62,与FAO/WHO提出的蛋白质模式的限量值相近。菌草平菇对铅、砷、汞、镉等重金属均有富集能力,尤其对镉的富集能力更强。The fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom cultivated with JUNCAO were used as test materials to determine the content of nutritional composition by national standard analysis method.The results showed that JUNCAO oyster mushroom had the characteristics of high protein(22.5 g/100 g),high dietary fiber(22.16 g/100 g),low fat(2.8 g/100 g),rich polysaccharide(20.2 g/100 g)and many mineral elements.The protein of JUNCAO oyster mushroom contained 17 kinds of amino acids.The total amount of amino acids(TAA)was 21.75 g/100 g.The total content of 7 kinds of essential amino acids(EAA)was 8.33 g/100 g.There were 3 kinds of branched-chain amino acids,and F value(branched-aromatic ratio)was 2.19.There was rich in umami-sweet amino acids,accounting for 53%.Meanwhile,E/T(0.38)and E/N(0.62)were close to the values of the protein model proposed by FAO/WHO.The JUNCAO oyster mushroom can enrich heavy metals such as Pb,Se,Hg and Cd,etc.,especially Cd.

关 键 词：菌草 平菇 营养成分 矿物质元素 氨基酸 重金属 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]