空间目标在轨捕获方法及关键技术综述  

Review of on-orbit capture methods and key technologies of space target

作　　者：满万鑫 李新洪 周思引 王训 张治彬 Man Wanxin;Li Xinhong;Zhou Siyin;Wang Xun;Zhang Zhibin(Space Engineering University,Beijing 101416,China)

机构地区：[1]航天工程大学,北京101416

出　　处：《空天技术》2022年第6期77-96,共20页Aerospace Technology

摘　　要：空间活动的日益加剧,使得空间在轨组装、在轨服务得到了大力发展。同时,空间碎片也成为了执行空间任务的一个巨大威胁。围绕以上领域涉及的共同关键技术——空间在轨捕获,提出了一种新的空间目标捕获分类形式。根据空间目标捕获装置末端执行机构的设计特点,将目标捕获方式总结归纳为插入式、抓取式、包络式(覆盖式)、吸附式和混合式。分别详述了每种方法的捕获原理、优缺点和发展趋势,并对涉及到的相关国内外研究项目进行了介绍。对捕获过程中的接触动力学特性、空间目标状态估计与参数辨识、目标消旋技术以及组合航天器动力学控制这四个关键技术内容进行了介绍,并就未来在轨捕获发展趋势给出了相关建议。With the increasing intensification of space activities,space on-orbit assembly and on-orbit service have been greatly developed.At the same time,space debris has also become a huge threat to space missions.Focusing on space on-orbit capture,which is the common key technology involved in the above fields,a new classification method of space target on-orbit capture is proposed.According to the characteristics of space targets and the design features of the end-effector of capture device,target capture methods are summarized into insertion,grasping,enveloping(covering),adsorption and hybrid.According to this classification,the capture principle,advantages,disadvantages and development trend of each method are de-scribed in detail,and the related domestic and foreign research projects involved are introduced.The four aspects of contact dynamics in the capture process,space target state estimation and parameter identification,target detumbling technology and combined spacecraft dynamics control are briefly introduced.The development trends of on-orbit capture in the future are suggested.

关 键 词：在轨捕获 空间碎片 组合航天器 接触动力学 消旋 捕获后控制 

分 类 号：V526[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]