妊娠期妇女抑郁状态现状与影响因素分析  

Current status of depression in pregnant women and its influencing factorsin pregnant women

作　　者：徐瑶 肖超群[1] 周燕莉[1] 李娟华[1] 刘芳[1] 王志坚[1] XU Yao;XIAO Chaoqun;ZHOU Yanli;LI Juanhua;LIU Fang;WANG Zhijian(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;School of Nursing,Souther Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院妇产科,广州510515 [2]南方医科大学护理学院,广州510515

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2023年第4期493-498,共6页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81971415);南方医科大学南方医院院长基金项目(编号:2021H006)。

摘　　要：目的 调查妊娠期妇女抑郁状态现状,并对影响因素进行分析,为干预手段的提出提供依据。方法 选取2021年6月至2022年3月于南方医科大学南方医院产科门诊建档的3 159例孕妇为调查对象,运用一般资料调查表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表进行调查,并采用logistic回归分析妊娠期抑郁状态的影响因素。结果 妊娠期抑郁状态的发生率为15.07%。意外怀孕(OR:1.38,95%CI:1.05~1.81)、孕前痛经史(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.02~1.60)、孕前经前紧张史(OR=2.52,95%CI:1.82~3.49)、对睡眠质量不满意(OR=2.12,95%CI:1.68~2.67)、婆媳矛盾(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.54~2.85)、性格内向(OR=6.36,95%CI:4.54~8.92)、性格适中(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.01~1.77)、对胎儿的性别高期待(OR=2.82,95%CI:1.68~4.74)、孕期经历负性生活事件(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.53~6.40)均是目前妊娠期妇女抑郁状态的独立危险因素。结论 目前妊娠期妇女抑郁状态发生率仍处于较高水平,受多种因素影响,医疗机构应加大对妊娠期抑郁状态的重视,建议将妊娠期抑郁状态筛查纳入常规产检中,并针对造成妊娠期抑郁状态的不同原因给予相应的干预。Objective To investigate the current status of depression in pregnant women,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods From June 2021 to March 2022,3,159 pregnant women who had been registered in the obstetric clinic of Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University were selected as subjects of the survey.The general information questionnaire and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale were used to investigate,so was logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy depression.Results The incidence rate of depression during pregnancy was 15.07%.Unintended pregnancy(OR = 1.38,95%CI:1.05 ~ 1.81),history of progestational dysmenorrhea(OR = 1.28,95%CI:1.02 ~1.60),history of premenstrual tension before pregnancy(OR = 2.52,95%CI:1.82 ~ 3.49),dissatisfaction with sleep quality(OR = 2.12,95%CI:1.68 ~ 2.67),discord between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law(OR = 2.09,95%CI:1.54 ~ 2.85),introversion(OR = 6.36,95%CI:4.54 ~ 8.92),moderate personality(OR = 1.34,95%CI:1.01 ~ 1.77),high expectations for the sex of the fetus(OR:2.82,95%CI:1.68 ~ 4.74),experienced negative life events during pregnancy(OR = 4.02,95%CI:2.53~ 6.40)were independent risk factors for depression in pregnant women.Conclusions The incidence of depression in pregnant women is higher,and it is affected by many factors.Medical institutions should pay more attention to depression in pregnancy.We suggest that screening depression in pregnancy should be included in routine antenatal examination and education on mental health care should be strengthened for pregnant women.

关 键 词：妊娠期 孕妇 抑郁 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R714.7[医药卫生—临床医学]