沉积物解磷菌的研究进展:分布、解磷能力及功能基因  

Research progress of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in sediments:Distribution,phosphate-solubilizing ability,and functional genes

作　　者：马凯 王效昌 谢嘉慧 高丽[1] MA Kai;WANG Xiaochang;XIE Jiahui;GAO Li(School of Ocean,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学海洋学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2023年第2期280-290,共11页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MD109,ZR2018MD018);国家自然科学基金项目(41273130)。

摘　　要：磷是大多数水体富营养化和有害藻华暴发的重要诱因。当外源污染得到有效控制后,沉积物内源释放可在较长时间内成为水体磷的主要来源。作为水圈磷地球化学循环的主要驱动者,解磷菌在沉积物磷的释放过程中发挥着重要作用。然而相较于农业土壤而言,沉积物解磷菌的研究起步较晚,其分子机制的研究仍处于起始阶段。鉴于此,本文概括了解磷菌的主要种属、不同生境沉积物中分布的特征以及藻华生消对解磷微生物群落组成的影响,梳理了解磷菌的矿化、溶解等主要解磷机制和关键功能基因,并对水体生态系统解磷菌的未来研究方向进行了展望,旨在为藻华期间水体磷循环以及富营养化机制的研究提供新的思路。Phosphorus(P)is an important inducer of water eutrophication and harmful algal blooms.Sediment internal loading may be an important source of P in water when exogenous input is controlled effectively.As the primary drivers of P geochemical cycling,phosphatesolubilizing bacteria(PSB)play a critical role in sediment P release.However,research on PSB in sediments began later than studies on agricultural soils,especially research on the molecular mechanism of PSB.Therefore,this review summarizes the main species and distribution characteristics of PSB in sediments from different habitats,and the effects of algal blooms on PSB community composition during the outbreak and extinction phases.In addition,it outlines the main phosphate-solubilizing mechanisms(such as mineralization and solubilization)and functional genes of PSB,and provides a future direction of research on PSB in aquatic ecosystems.This review provides new ideas for research on P cycling and eutrophication mechanisms in water affected by algal blooms.

关 键 词：沉积物 解磷菌 解磷机制 功能基因 有害藻华 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]