模具钢无碳化物贝氏体的相变行为及其对磨损性能的影响  

Carbide-free bainite transformation behavior and its effect on abrasion properties of mould steel

作　　者：胡锋 向源[3] 梁灿棉 张永康 HU Feng;XIANG Yuan;LIANG Can-mian;ZHANG Yong-kang(School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangzhou University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Xinglian Precision Machinery Co Ltd,Foshan 528251,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东星联精密机械有限公司,广东佛山528251 [3]武汉科技大学高性能钢铁材料及其应用省部共建协同创新中心,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《材料热处理学报》2023年第3期95-105,共11页Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2021M700875)。

摘　　要：研究了H13模具钢的常规马氏体(油淬火+580℃回火)和无碳化物贝氏体(300℃等温处理)的相变行为,以及显微组织对其冲击磨损性能的影响。结果表明:试验钢经贝氏体等温后形成了由板条状贝氏体铁素体和残留奥氏体组成的无碳化物贝氏体组织;贝氏体铁素体+残留奥氏体组织的冲击磨损性能在磨损后期(1.5和2.0 h)优于马氏体组织。这是由于马氏体组织容易产生微裂纹,产生大量犁削,从而导致耐磨性能降低,而无碳化物贝氏体组织在冲击磨损过程中使表层发生剧烈的塑性变形,诱导微观组织中的残留奥氏体转变成α相铁素体,能够阻止试验钢基体在冲击磨损过程中产生切削,从而提高其耐磨性。The transformation behavior of conventional martensite(oil quenching+tempering at 580℃)and carbide-free bainite(isothermal treatment at 300℃)in H13 mould steel and the effect of microstructure on its impact abrasion properties were studied.The results show that the carbide-free bainite structure consisting of bainitic-ferrite lath and retained austenite is formed in the experimental steel after bainite isothermal treatment,and the impact abrasion property of bainitic-ferrite+retained austenite structure is superior to that of martensite structure in the late abrasion stage(1.5 and 2.0 h).This is because the martensite structure is easy to produce micro-cracks and a lot of ploughing,which leads to the reduction of abrasion resistance,while the carbide-free bainite structure causes severe plastic deformation on the surface layer during impact abrasion,and induces the transformation of retained austenite in the microstructure intoαphase ferrite,which can prevent the cutting of the experimental steel matrix in the impact abrasion process,resulting in the increase of wear resistance.

关 键 词：模具钢 无碳化物贝氏体 残留奥氏体 冲击磨损 磨损机制 

分 类 号：TG142.4[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]