车用爪极发电机的不同部件对气动噪声的影响  

Influence of different parts of the claw alternator on aerodynamic noise

作　　者：黄泰明[1] 李伟平[2] 纪念洲 管成林 岳万昊 HUANG Taiming;LI Weiping;JI Nianzhou;GUAN Chenglin;YUE Wanhao(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang,Hunan 414006,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Changsha 410082,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]湖南理工学院机械工程学院,湖南岳阳414006 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2023年第3期71-83,共13页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976055);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2019JJ40103);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目((2021)197)。

摘　　要：为了明确车用爪极发电机在高转速下不同部件对气动噪声的影响,对车用爪极发电机的气动噪声进行了数值模拟研究,并进行了车用爪极发电机的空载声功率实验,验证了数值模拟的准确性;采用有无前后风扇、爪极,采用圆柱包络体代替爪极方案确定各阶次噪声的来源,明确了前后风扇、爪极对不同阶次噪声的贡献水平。结果表明:在高转速下偶极子是主要噪声源类型;前风扇主要影响8,10,12和16阶次气动噪声,去除前风扇12,16阶次噪声分别降低了6.54 dB(A)和9.04 dB(A);后风扇主要影响6,8和10阶次噪声,去除后风扇噪声分别降低了11.75,2.42,7.38 dB(A);有无爪极对气动噪声影响较小,但采用圆柱包络体代替爪极对气流流动会产生影响,使8阶次噪声有一定变化,这也表明前后风扇是气动噪声产生的重要源头。In order to understand the effects of different parts on the aerodynamic noise of the claw alternator for vehicle at high rotational speeds,the aerodynamic noise characteristics of the claw alternator were studied by numerical simulation.The no-load acoustic power level experiments of the claw alternator for vehicle were carried out to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation.The noise sources of each order were determined by removing front fan or rear fan,or claw,and replacing claw with cylinder envelope.The contribution levels of front and rear fans and claw to noises at different orders were clarified.The results show that dipole was the main noise source at high rotational speed.The front fan mainly influenced the aerodynamic noise at 8th,10th,12th and 16th order.When the front fan was removed,the aerodynamic noise at 12th and 16th order was reduced by 6.54 dB(A)and 9.04 dB(A),respectively.The rear fan mainly affected the aerodynamic noise at 6th,8th and 10th order.When the rear fan was removed,the aerodynamic noise at 6th,8th and 10th order was reduced by 11.75 dB(A),2.42 dB(A)and 7.38 dB(A),respectively.With or without claw had slight influence on the aerodynamic noise,but when the cylinder envelope was used to replace the claw,the flow field was affected,causing a certain change of the noise at the 8th order and also verifying that the front and rear fans were main sources of the aerodynamic noise.

关 键 词：气动噪声 发电机 风扇 爪极 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程]