基于影响域和活跃度的专利即时影响力评价——以基因工程领域为例  

Patent Current Impact Index Based on Domain of Influence and Activity:A Case Study in Genetic Engineering

作　　者：孙明汉 江曼 朱秀珠 Sun Minghan

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,江苏南京210094 [2]武汉大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2023年第4期159-166,共8页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：ISTIC-CLARIVATE ANALYTICS科学计量学联合实验室开放基金项目“融合视角下新兴技术的前沿识别研究”(项目编号:IT2160);南京理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项“面向技术融合前沿识别及其演进分析的专利知识图谱构建研究”(项目编号:30922011407)的成果。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]在基因工程等新兴领域技术更迭尤为迅速,如何及时、准确地识别高影响力技术对捕捉技术机会、跟踪技术热点、分析技术演化都具有重要参考价值。[方法/过程]基于引文网络方法,引入影响域来揭示技术影响力扩散的范围,在空间上将评估范围从直接关系扩展到间接关系;引入活跃度来揭示技术影响力持续的时间,在时间上考虑了专利年龄和技术贡献的持久性,从空间和时间两个层面构建专利即时影响力指数。[结果/结论]从基因工程领域的技术成长期中筛选出40件高影响力专利,专利影响力评价结果与领域实际发展现状吻合。利用专利即时影响力指数不仅可以及时、准确捕捉到领域内现阶段的高影响力技术,还可以挖掘出基因工程在新冠肺炎疫情大背景下的整体研发热点的转变。[局限]从技术生命周期的角度来看,该指标适用于技术成长期的专利即时影响力评价。[Purpose/significance]How to timely and accurately identify current high-impact patents among a large amount of complex patent information is an important reference value for capturing technology opportunities,tracking technology hotspots,and analyzing technology evolution.[Method/process]Based on the citation network,we introduce the domain of influence to reveal the scope of technology influence diffusion and the activity to reveal the duration of technology influence,and construct the Patent Current Impact Index(PCII)from both spatial and temporal levels.The Patent Current Impact Index proposed in this study extends the assessment from direct to indirect relationships in space,and takes into account the age of the patent and the persistence of technological contributions in time,allowing dynamic and continuous identification of influential patents in the emergence phase.[Result/conclusion]Forty high-impact patents in the field of genetic engineering were screened out.The evaluation results of the Patent Current Impact Index match the actual development status of the field,which not only accurately and timely captures the high-impact technologies,but also unearths the transformation of the R&D hotspot of genetic engineering during COVID-19.[Limitations]This indicator is more suitable for identifying core patents in the technology development phase of the technology life cycle.

关 键 词：专利即时影响力 专利影响域 专利活跃度 同族专利 基因工程 

分 类 号：G255.53[文化科学—图书馆学] Q78[生物学—分子生物学]