火场高温对潜在指纹显现的影响  

Impact of High Temperature on Displaying Latent Fingerprint at Fire Scene

作　　者：韩喜渊 张春宇 金静 张金专 孙均利 HAN Xiyuan;ZHANG Chunyu;JIN Jing;ZHANG Jinzhuan;SUN Junli(School of Graduate Department,China People’s Police University,Langfang 065012,Hebei,China;School of Criminal Investigation,China People’s Police University,Langfang 065012,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民警察大学研究生院,河北廊坊065012 [2]中国人民警察大学侦查学院,河北廊坊065012

出　　处：《刑事技术》2023年第2期189-195,共7页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：公安部技术研究计划(2020JSYJC24)

摘　　要：探究高温环境对指纹显现效果的影响。通过模拟火场高温条件制备了指纹样本,利用光学无损检验技术探究了火场高温对指纹的影响规律。最后对两种快速检验技术的显现效果进行比较。结果表明:同一加热温度加热时间越长对指纹破坏性越强,同一加热时间温度越高对指纹破坏性越强;光学无损检验技术对于500℃以下受热10 min左右、400℃以下受热20~30 min的指纹能得到良好的提取效果;“502”胶显现法在实验各工况下都优于光学无损提取法。根据具体情况使用两种快速显现方法能够在火场高温条件下提取到有价值的指纹物证。In fire scene,the discovery and extraction of evidential fingerprints are valuable for identifying the relevant suspects or responsible persons.However,the fire scene is usually destructive and complex,resulting in the display of fingerprint there being difficult.Overseas scholars have explored the applicability of displaying reagents and ash removal for fire-baked fingerprint to develop.Currently,there is a lack of relevant researches on portable instruments to extract the on-site fingerprints at fire scene.In addition,few researches have seemed to conduct about the effectiveness of fingerprint display after long-duration exposure to high temperature in fire scene.Targeting at this situation,an experimental research was carried out,with the quartz resistant to high temperature being selected as the fingerprint carrier to explore portable instruments to recover the fingerprints survived at fire scene.The fingerprint samples were prepared under high-temperature conditions simulating the scene of a fire.Two methods,the optical nondestructive exposure and"502"glue fuming,were used to explore the impact of high temperature on fingerprint display.The results showed that the longer the baking time at the same temperature/the higher the baking temperature at the same time,the more serious the fingerprint damage.Optical nondestructive exposure can obtain good extraction results for fingerprints baked below 500°C for about 10 minutes,or below 400°C for 20-30 minutes,yet appearing worse presentation than the“502”glue fuming under all experimental conditions.Therefore,this research can provide reference for suitable choices(e.g.,the two methods adopted in this research)to extract and display the evidential fingerprints in fire scene.

关 键 词：火灾痕迹 火场高温 潜在指纹 火灾调查 

分 类 号：DF794.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]