两种生防新药剂对马铃薯晚疫病防效及产量的影响  

Effects of Two New Biocontrol Agents on Late Blight Control and Yield of Potato

作　　者：石文慧 王芳 吴永斌[1] SHI Wenhui;WANG Fang;WU Yongbin(Zhuanglang Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Pingliang,Gansu 744600,China;Dingxi Agricultural Product Safety Monitoring and Testing Station,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,China)

机构地区：[1]庄浪县农业技术推广中心,甘肃平凉744600 [2]定西市农产品安全监测检测站,甘肃定西743000

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2023年第1期45-52,共8页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：2021年基层农技推广体系改革与建设项目(GSGYH210816-JCNJTGGE)。

摘　　要：致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)是引起马铃薯晚疫病的病原真菌,化学防治药剂质量良莠不齐,急需新型生防药剂进行防治。因此,以甘肃省马铃薯晚疫病高发区定西市为试点,引进2种新型生防药剂与3种常规化学药剂,开展室内抑菌和田间防效对比试验,探究新型生防药剂对马铃薯晚疫病防效和产量的影响。生防药剂105亿CFU/g多粘菌·枯草菌WP室内抑菌效果可达96.7%,田间防效76.5%,较对照处理可增产7.70%;化学药剂68%精甲霜·锰锌WP室内抑菌效果可达98.3%,田间防效73.1%,较对照处理可增产7.51%。二者除田间平均防效外,无显著差异。这两种药剂处理下各指标均显著优于生防药剂10亿CFU/g海洋芽孢杆菌WP,化学药剂32.5%苯甲·嘧菌酯SC和50%精甲·丙森锌WP处理。综上,新型生防药剂105亿CFU/g多粘菌·枯草菌WP可以作为定西市马铃薯晚疫病防治药剂。Phytophthora infestans is the pathogenic fungus causing potato late blight.The quality of chemical control agents is uneven and new biological control agents are urgently required.Therefore,in this study,Dingxi City,Gansu Province,where potato late blight incidence is high,was selected as the test place,and two new biocontrol agents and three conventional chemical agents were introduced to carry out a comparison test of indoor bacteriological inhibition and field control efficiency,to explore the effects of new biocontrol agents on potato late blight control efficiency and yield.Biocontrol agent,10.5 billion CFU/g Polymyxa·Subtilis WP,had a bacteriostatic effect of 96.7%indoors and 76.5%in the field and increased the yield by 7.70%compared with the control treatment.The bacteriostatic effect of 68%Mefenoxam·Mancozeb WP in the laboratory conditions was 98.3%,in the field 73.1%,and the yield was7.51%higher than that of the control treatment.There was no significant difference between the two treatments except for control effect in the field.The indexes of the two treatments were significantly better than that of the biocontrol agent1 billion CFU/g Bacillus marinus WP,and chemical treatments of 32.5%Benzoyl·Azoxystrobin SC and 50%Metalaxyl·Propineb WP.In conclusion,the new biocontrol agent of 10.5 billion CFU/g Polymyxa·Subtilis WP could be used as the control agent to control potato late blight in Dingxi City.

关 键 词：马铃薯 晚疫病 生防药剂 室内抑菌 田间防治 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]