高精度航海用光纤陀螺惯性导航技术展望  

Prospect of High Precision Marine FOG Inertial Navigation Technology

作　　者：刘为任[1,2] 李德春 李茂春[1,2] 韦俊新 赵小明[1,2] LIU Wei-ren;LI De-chun;LI Mao-chun;WEI Jun-xin;ZHAO Xiao-ming(Tianjin Navigation and Instrument Institute,Tianjin 300131;Lab of Maritime Support and Technology,CSSC,Tianjin 300131)

机构地区：[1]天津航海仪器研究所,天津300131 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司航海保障技术实验室,天津300131

出　　处：《导航与控制》2022年第5期241-249,共9页Navigation and Control

基　　金：“十三五”总装预研(编号:41417030101)。

摘　　要：光纤陀螺基于Sagnac效应,利用环路中沿相反方向传播的两束光来检测惯性空间中的旋转速度,开辟了全固态角速度传感器之路。由于其标度因数稳定性和环境适应性较激光陀螺仪差,制约了其在高精度航海领域的应用。通过分析光纤陀螺,展望了光子晶体光纤材料、空芯微孔结构和窄线宽激光光源等技术在光纤陀螺中的应用前景,这些技术可提高光纤陀螺标度因数稳定性和环境适应性,同时还展望了基于量子纠缠光纤陀螺技术。通过分析光纤陀螺惯性导航系统发展,现阶段通过采用旋转调制、温控、温补等系统技术,有效抑制了光纤陀螺标度因数稳定性和环境适应性的影响,已具备在高精度航海领域应用条件。Based on the Sagnac effect,fiber-optic gyroscope(FOG)measures inertial angular velocity using two beams of light spreading in opposite direction,which open the way of all-solid state angular velocity sensor.FOG has not been used in marine which need high precision navigation for a long time,because its scale factor stability and environmental suitability are worse than those of laser gyroscope.Through the analysis of FOG,the application prospect of photonic crystal fiber materials,hollow micropore structure and narrow linewidth laser light source in FOG is prospected,these technologies can improve scale factor stability and environmental suitability of FOG.At the same time,the technology based on quantum entanglement FOG is prospected.The development of FOG inertial navigation system(INS)is analyzed,the influence of FOG scale factor stability and environmental suitability has been effectively suppressed by adopting system technologies such as rotary modulation,temperature control and temperature compensation at this stage,which has met the application conditions in high precision navigation field.

关 键 词：光纤陀螺 惯性导航技术 航海用 高精度 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]