新能源汽车产业政策促进了何种创新?  

What kind of innovation has the new energy vehicle industry policy promoted?

作　　者：熊勇清[1] 秦书锋 Xiong Yongqing;Qin Shufeng(School of Business,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学商学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《科研管理》2023年第3期102-111,共10页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“新能源汽车产业供需双侧政策的多维度匹配性分析及动态转换研究”(71874208,2019.01-2022.12);国家自然科学基金项目:“新能源汽车技术创新中政策与市场的协同互补及其有效性研究”(72274221,2023.01-2026.12)。

摘　　要：本文将新能源汽车产业政策区分为“补贴型”与“非补贴型”政策两类,并将新能源车企创新偏好区分为“实质性”创新和“策略性”创新,选取2010—2018年期间新能源汽车上市企业的数据构建回归模型,分析了两类产业政策对于新能源车企两类创新偏好的影响及其在不同发展阶段的差异性,以及新能源车企的政治关联在其中可能存在的调节性影响。研究结果表明:“补贴型”政策对于新能源车企创新偏好的促进作用呈现出先增后降的趋势,并且更容易引发企业的“策略性”创新偏好;“非补贴型”政策对于新能源车企创新偏好的促进作用呈现逐步增强趋势,并且对于“实质性”创新偏好的影响更大。进一步分析发现:政治关联在“补贴型”政策对新能源车企“策略性”创新偏好的影响中存在着正向调节作用,在“非补贴型”政策对新能源车企“实质性”创新偏好的影响中存在着负向调节作用。新能源汽车产业政策要更好地促进新能源车企的“实质性”创新,就必须改变目前“补贴型”政策“一刀切”的行政化安排模式,要进一步丰富“非补贴型”政策的内容,并加大“非补贴型”政策实施力度,同时要把握好企业政治关联在产业政策促进高水平创新中的调节性作用。本文丰富了“非补贴型”政策与企业创新激励的分析框架,并为优化新能源汽车产业政策与更好的激励企业“实质性”创新提供了经验证据。There are many controversies about the actual effect of China's new energy vehicle(NEV)industry policy on promoting the innovation of NEV enterprises.From a macro perspective,China has introduced a series of subsidized and nonsubsidized policies pertaining to the NEV industry during recent years.Although these policies have effectively promoted the rapid expansion of the NEV industry,the effectiveness of industrial policies on R&D and innovation incentives has always been controversial.On the micro level,it is quite common for some NEV enterprises to blindly pursue innovation quantity and ignore innovation quality to extract policy benefits.This practice of seeking quantity rather than quality is essentially a strategic low-quality innovation preference,which is contrary to the‘initial heart’of NEV industry policies,which is about promoting high-level R&D and innovation.Therefore,an in-depth analysis of the micro-mechanism underlying the impact of China's NEV industry policies on innovation preferences is of great practical significance for further ensuring the precision of industry policies in terms of incentivizing innovation.In the process of studying the impacts of China's NEV industry policies on innovation preferences,there are three issues that we should pay much more attention to.First,the subsidized and nonsubsidized policies pertaining to China's NEVs are not identical,and their impacts on NEV enterprises are also different.Under the differing effects of these distinct types of industrial policies,enterprises will show varying innovation preferences.Some enterprises will focus on substantive innovation,while others may focus on strategic innovation.Second,the support of industrial policies currently comprises the main driving force of China's NEV industry.Since the implementation of industrial policies usually manifests that government intervenes and dominates the allocation of some resources,enterprises tend to establish close ties with the organizations that control resources.Political connections

关 键 词：新能源汽车 补贴型政策 非补贴型政策 创新偏好 政治关联 

分 类 号：F424.3[经济管理—产业经济]