浅析博物馆空间中的人群行为控制——展览中的“一米线”  

Crowd Behavior Control in Museum Spaces:Rope Barriers in Exhibitions

作　　者：黄翀宇 HUANG Chong-yu(Hubei Provincial Museum,Wuhan,Hubei,430077)

机构地区：[1]湖北省博物馆,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《东南文化》2023年第1期157-163,共7页Southeast Culture

摘　　要：“一米线”是博物馆运营过程中最为常见的现代工业设计产品。博物馆是否设置、如何设置“一米线”,既影响博物馆的展览效果和观众的观展体验,也涉及博物馆的观众需求、观众注意、观众态度、观众行为等一系列观众心理与行为的问题研究。“一米线”在博物馆的文物展示空间、互动教育空间、公共服务空间中,其功能与效果各有利弊。从人群行为控制理论观点出发,博物馆应兼顾展览效果与观众感受,利用视觉设计解决观众视觉引导的问题,在展示空间中利用群体结构控制,合理设计“一米线”及其使用形式,从而实现观众群体需求和使用感受的有机结合。The rope barrier is the most common modern industrial design product in museum operations.Whether and how a museum uses rope barriers affects both the exhibition effect and the audience’s viewing experience.It involves a series of researches on audience needs,audience attention,audience attitude,and audience behavior.This paper presents a theoretical perspective on the control of crowd behavior and argues that the use of rope barriers in museum spaces should consider the different functions of museum spaces of exhibition,education and public service.Based on the theoretical approach of crowd behavior control in behavioral psychology,this paper argues that museums should take into account both exhibition effect and audience feeling,use visual design to guide audience visual senses,use group structure to perform control in the exhibition space,and use rope barriers in a rational way,so as to meet audience needs without affecting their visiting experience.

关 键 词：博物馆 人群行为控制 “一米线” 社交距离 视觉感官 群体结构 群体思维 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]