舰船尾流激光探测跟踪方法与试验  

Method and experiment of laser detection and tracking of ship wake

作　　者：宗思光[1] 张鑫 曹静[1] 梁善永[1] 李斌[1] Zong Siguang;Zhang Xin;Cao Jing;Liang Shanyong;Li Bin(College of Electronic Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430034,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电子工程学院,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第3期197-208,共12页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国防科研基金(2019-JCJQ-JJ-056,2020-JCJQ-20-99-00-02)。

摘　　要：舰船尾流激光探测跟踪是水下航行器对舰船进行探测、识别、跟踪的新手段。论文基于舰船尾流分布特性、气泡目标特性,采用蒙特卡洛仿真方法,实现了多尺度、宽数密度、大厚度舰船尾流气泡群的后向散射回波信号特性仿真,得到了水下航行器载激光探测系统在搜索、跟踪阶段信号的变化趋势,以及不同目标舰船的激光后向回波信号变化强度,可有效模拟激光探测系统对舰船尾流目标特性的真实跟踪状态。对于大型船只,当激光探测系统位于尾流之下时,航行器距舰船目标越近,尾流气泡激光回波越强,脉冲宽度展宽幅度越大;当激光探测系统位于尾流之中时,航行器距舰船目标越近,尾流气泡激光回波越弱,脉冲宽度变窄幅度越大。探测系统位于尾流之下时与探测系统位于尾流之中时,信号变化相反。小型船只信号变化趋势基本与大型船只保持一致,但尾流激光探测回波强度变低。开展了湖泊环境下船舶尾流激光探测跟踪试验,当探测系统在尾流之下时,大型船只尾流激光回波信号信噪比高,小型船只尾流激光难以检测。探测系统位于尾流之中时,大小船只尾流激光探测系统都可实现有效探测。论文可为舰船尾流探测实际工程应用提供支撑。Objective Ship wake laser detection and tracking is a new method for underwater vehicles to detect,identify and track ships.Due to the cavitation effect of the propeller,the breaking of the sea waves and the large amount of air involved in the waterline part of the ship during navigation,the air curtain belt containing a large number of bubbles,namely the ship wake,has formed at the ship's tail,which has very different optical characteristics from the surrounding water environment.Through the study of the laser characteristics of the ship wake,the characteristics of the ship's navigation path and speed in the ocean can be further judged,and then the precise guidance and damage attack of underwater vehicles such as the detection system can be realized.Ship wake is a dynamic changing environment,and the distribution characteristics of ship wake and bubble target characteristics are different in different ships and different environments.To achieve accurate attack on ships,it is necessary to study the distribution characteristics of ship wake and bubble target characteristics.By simulating the changing trend of echo signals under different ship wake conditions,it provides theoretical and simulation support for the ship wake in lakes,ocean and other outfield tracking and detection.Methods The simulation environment is established based on the ship wake distribution characteristics and bubble target characteristics(Fig.1).The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the multi-scale,wide-number density and large-thickness ship wake bubble group.Through the analysis of the ship wake backscattering echo signal under different conditions,the real state of the detection system under the characteristics of the ship wake target can be effectively simulated.The signal changing trend of the detection system in the search and tracking phase and the echo signal change intensity of different target ships are obtained(Fig.4-7).The experiment of laser tracking and detection of ship wake in lake environment is carried out,and the simu

关 键 词：舰船尾流 激光探测 目标跟踪 蒙特卡洛 湖泊试验 仿真模拟 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]