磷与有机物配施对南方茶园土壤硒有效性的影响  

Effect of phosphorus and organic materials application on selenium availability in southern tea plantation soil

作　　者：邢颖[1] 廖青[1] 梁潘霞[1] 潘丽萍 陈锦平[1] 黄太庆[1] 刘永贤[1] 江泽普[1] XING Ying;LIAO Qing;LIANG Pan-xia;PAN Li-ping;CHEN Jin-ping;HUANG Tai-qing;LIU Yong-xian;JIANG Ze-pu(Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangxi Selenium-Rich Agricultural Research Center,Nanning Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西富硒农业研究中心,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第1期97-103,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41761052);广西重点研发项目(桂科AB19245005);广西自然科学基金青年基金项目(2018GXNS FBA281161);广西自然科学基金面上项目(2020GXNSFAA297086);广西农科院稳定资助科研团队项目(桂农科2020YT039);广西农业科学院科技先锋队专项行动(桂农科盟202114);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2021JM08)。

摘　　要：硒在南方酸性土壤中极易被固定,其有效性较低,影响该区域茶树硒吸收。通过研究磷与氨基酸和黄腐酸对茶园土壤硒有效性的影响,为提高南方富硒茶园土壤有效硒和茶叶硒吸收率提供理论依据。茶园田间试验采用磷(P)、氨基酸(A)、黄腐酸(H)三因素,磷两水平设计,磷处理水平为P1(168.8 kg/hm^(2))、P2(337.5kg/hm^(2)),氨基酸与黄腐酸不设梯度,施用量均为112.5 kg/hm^(2),共设置7个处理,各处理分别为CK、A、P1-A、P2-A、H、P1-H和P2-H,研究有机物料单施或磷与有机物料配施对茶叶硒含量及茶园土壤硒有效性的影响。结果表明:(1)氨基酸单施(A)和氨基酸与高磷配施(P2-A)茶叶硒含量均显著高于CK,较CK分别提高40.03%和20.40%;(2)氨基酸单施(A)和氨基酸与高磷配施(P2-A)均能显著提高土壤有效硒含量,施用氨基酸(A)有效硒的增加主要来源于可溶态硒的增加,而氨基酸与高磷配施(P2-A)的有效硒主要来源于可溶态硒和交换态硒的增加;(3)氨基酸单施(A)和氨基酸与高磷配施(P2-A)均提高了可溶态硒中四价硒的含量,是茶叶硒含量增加的主要原因。氨基酸和黄腐酸虽均为有机酸类,但在南方茶园中氨基酸对土壤硒的活化作用更佳,氨基酸单施或与高磷配施后能提高土壤硒的有效性,进而改善茶叶硒的吸收。Selenium is easy to be fixed in the acidic soil in the south and its effectiveness is low,which affects the absorption of selenium in tea trees in this region.The effects of phosphorus,amino acids and fulvic acid on soil selenium availability in southern tea plantation soil were studied,so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving soil selenium availability and tea selenium uptake in southern selenium-rich tea plantation.A field experiment was conducted with three factors,including phosphorus(P),amino acid(A)and fulvic acid(H).There was two phosphorus levels,including(168.8 kg/hm^(2) P1)and(337.5 kg/hm^(2) P2),and there was no gradient for amino acid or fulvic acid,which was 112.5 kg/hm^(2).A total of 7 treatments were set up,including CK,A,P1-A,P2-A,H,P1-H and P2-H.The effects of organic materials alone or combined application of phosphorus and organic materials on selenium content in tea and selenium availability in tea plantation soil were studied.The results showed as follows:(1)The selenium content of tea with single application of amino acid(A)and combined application of amino acid and high phosphorus(P2-A)was significantly higher than CK,which was increased by 40.03%and 20.40%,respectively.(2)Single application of amino acid(A)and combined application of amino acid and high phosphorus(P2-A)significantly increased the soil available selenium content.The increase of available selenium by applying amino acid(A)was mainly due to the increase of soluble selenium,while combined application of amino acid and high phosphorus(P2-A)mainly came from the increase of soluble selenium and exchangeable selenium.(3)Both single application of amino acid(A)and combined application of amino acid and high phosphorus(P2-A)increased the content of tetravalent selenium in soluble selenium,which was the main reason for the increase of selenium content in tea.Amino acids and fulvic acids are organic acids,but amino acids in the tea plantations of latosolic red soils in southern China have better effects on soil selenium,and

关 键 词：磷 有机物料 茶园 有效硒 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S153.6[农业科学—作物学]