天山-帕米尔地区生态安全格局时空演变及其影响因素  

Spatio-temporal evolution of ecological security pattern and its influencing factors in Tianshan-Pamir region

作　　者：邓卓 李文静 张豫芳[3] 董晔 DENG Zhuo;LI Wenjing;ZHANG Yufang;DONG Ye(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100091,China;Natural Resources Affairs Center of Subei Mongolian Autonomous County,Subei 736300,Gansu,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Business School,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100091 [2]肃北蒙古族自治县自然资源事务中心,甘肃肃北736300 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新疆师范大学商学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2023年第2期398-406,共9页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项-上海合作组织科技伙伴计划及国际科技合作计划(2020E01044);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0502020802);青海省科技成果转化专项项目(2020-SF-145)。

摘　　要：【目的】天山-帕米尔地区以其独特的地理位置和丰富多样的生态系统,在中国生态安全方面发挥着重要的屏障作用,但近30 a来区域经济和生态环境发生了很大变化,开展基于自然及人为压力状态下天山-帕米尔地区生态安全格局时空演变及其影响因素研究,为区域生态保护、生态建设以及协同发展提供科学依据。【方法】以天山-帕米尔地区作为研究区,运用压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型以及地理探测器方法,选取20个关键指标,对天山-帕米尔地区1990—2018年的生态安全及其影响因素进行分析。【结果】天山-帕米尔地区区域生态安全的分布格局并没有发生显著变化,但不同市(县)的生态安全等级差异较大;1990—2018年天山-帕米尔地区生态安全处于Ⅲ级及以上的面积占比始终在60%及以上,2010年达80%,区域生态环境改善显著;其中有5个因子对天山-帕米尔地区生态安全的影响较为稳定,其他各因子的影响各有差异;3个子系统影响从大到小依次为响应、压力、状态,状态指数和压力指数变化趋势相似。【结论】天山-帕米尔地区生态安全状况逐步向好,但也存在一些生态破坏的现象。其中博乐市、精河县、温泉县、塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县生态安全状态改善显著,响应能力的提高对缓解生态压力具有较大贡献。[Objective]Tianshan-Pamir region,with its unique geographical location and rich and diverse ecosystems,plays an important role as a barrier to China’s ecological security.However,great changes had taken place in the regional economy and ecological environment in the past 30 years,and it is urgent to carry out research on the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological security pattern and its influencing factors in Tianshan-Pamir region under natural and human pressure.[Method]Taking Tianshan-Pamir region as the study area,20 key indicators were selected to analyze the ecological security and its influencing factors in the region from 1990 to 2018 by using the pressure-state-response(PSR)model and geographical detector method.[Result]The distribution pattern of regional ecological security in this region did not change significantly,but the ecological security levels of different cities and counties varied greatly.From 1990 to 2018,the area with ecological security of levelⅢor above accounted for 60%or more and reached 80%in 2010,indicating significant improvement of regional ecological environment.5 factors among them had a relatively stable impact on the ecological security of the region,while other factors had different impacts.The influence of the 3 subsystems from large to small was response,pressure and state,and the change trend of state index and pressure index was similar.[Conclusion]The ecological security in Tianshan-Pamir region is gradually improving,but there are still some damage phenomena.Among them,Bole City,Jinghe County,Wenquan County,and Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County have significantly improved their ecological security status,and the improvement of response capacity has a great contribution to alleviating ecological pressure.

关 键 词：生态安全 PSR模型 地理探测器 天山-帕米尔地区 

分 类 号：S771.8[农业科学—森林工程]