不同钙浓度对雾培马铃薯生长发育及产量的影响  

Different Calcium Concentrations Under Aeroponics:Effects on Growth and Yield of Potato

作　　者：胡柏耿 李学洋 孔海明 孙莎莎 王克秀[2] 胡建军[2] 何卫[2] 唐铭霞[2] HU Baigeng;LI Xueyang;KONG Haiming;SUN Shasha;WANG Kexiu;HU Jianjun;HE Wei;TANG Mingxia(Xisen Potato Industry Group Co.,LTD.,Leling,Shandong 253600;Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066)

机构地区：[1]乐陵希森马铃薯产业集团有限公司,山东乐陵253600 [2]四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都610066

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第9期33-39,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省泰山产业领军人才工程高效生态农业创新类项目“马铃薯新型雾培技术研究与示范推广”(LJNY201712)。

摘　　要：旨在探明钙对马铃薯生理影响,为优化原原种生产技术及合理施用钙肥提供理论依据。以马铃薯品种‘希森6号’和‘川芋50’为材料,采用随机区组设计,分析不同钙浓度对马铃薯生长发育、生理特性及产量的影响。‘川芋50’和‘希森6号’在13.5 mmol/L处理下的马铃薯株高、根长、叶面积指数和匍匐茎长度最高,但匍匐茎数最少;叶片ABA含量随钙浓度升高而降低,GA3含量随钙浓度升高而升高;钙浓度为0.5 mmol/L时,‘希森6号’和‘川芋50’单株结薯数最高,分别为26.56粒/株和41.27粒/株;当钙浓度为4.5 mmol/L时,供试品种单株产量和>1 g合格薯数均最高,产量分别为65.58 g/株和108.35 g/株,合格薯数分别为19.57粒/株和28.92粒/株。高钙有利于马铃薯植株发育,提高光合作用,增加产量,而低钙单株结薯数更高。在本试验条件下,最佳钙浓度为4.5 mmol/L。The aim of this research is to explore the effect of calcium on potato physiology and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the production technology of pre-basic seed and reasonable application of calcium fertilizer.Two varieties,‘Xisen 6’and‘Chuanyu 50’,were used as materials.A randomized block design was used to study the effects of different calcium concentrations on growth and development,physiological characteristics and yield of potato.The plant height,root length,leaf area index and stolon length of‘Xisen 6’and‘Chuanyu 50’under 13.5 mmol/L treatment were the highest,but the number of stolons was the least.Leaf ABA content decreased with the increase of calcium concentration,while GA3 content increased with the increase of calcium concentration.When the calcium concentration was 0.5 mmol/L,the number of tuber per plant of‘Xisen 6’and‘Chuanyu 50’was the highest,which was 26.56 tubers/plant and 41.27 tubers/plant,respectively.When the concentration of calcium was 4.5 mmol/L,the yield and the number of tubers weighed more than 1 g were the highest for each plant.The yield of‘Xisen 6’and‘Chuanyu 50’was 65.58 g/plant and 108.35 g/plant,and the number of tubers weighed more than 1 g was 19.57 tubers/plant and 28.92 tubers/plant,respectively.High calcium application could promote potato plant development,improve photosynthesis and increase the yield,while low calcium concentration could help to obtain more tubers per plant.In general,the optimal calcium concentration is 4.5 mmol/L under the experimental conditions of this study.

关 键 词：马铃薯 钙浓度 生长发育 块茎形成 产量 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]