云南省南华县儿童及青少年脊柱侧凸流行病学特点分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents in Nanhua County of Yunnan Province

作　　者：张立 赵智[1] 王迎松[1] 杨晓晨 蒲光鸿 谢维杰 李全[1] 施志约 李韬[1] 毕尼[1] ZHANG Li;ZHAO Zhi;WANG Ying-song;YANG Xiao-chen;PU Guang-hong;XIE Wei-jie;LI Quan;SHI Zhi-yue;LI Tao;BI Ni(Department of Orthopaedics,the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Yunnan Research Center of Scoliosis and Spinal Deformities,Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Engineering Research Center of Innovative Technology for Spinal Deformities Prevention and Treatment,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第二附属医院骨科(云南省脊柱侧弯与脊柱畸形研究中心、云南省教育厅脊柱畸形防治创新技术工程研究中心),昆明650032

出　　处：《骨科》2023年第2期150-154,共5页ORTHOPAEDICS

摘　　要：目的 调查云南省南华县儿童及青少年脊柱侧凸的流行病学特点。方法 采用横断面调查的方式,联合应用目测法、Adams前屈试验法和脊柱侧凸测量尺测量躯干旋转角(angle of trunk rotation,ATR)法,对云南省南华县6~18岁的儿童及青少年进行脊柱侧凸筛查。统计分析筛查阳性者的性别、年龄、民族以及脊柱侧凸严重程度分布特点,并探索Adams前屈试验阳性与ATR之间的关系。结果本研究共筛查18 980人,其中阳性者1 011人,总体阳性率为5.33%,男性阳性率(4.77%)显著低于女性(5.89%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同民族儿童、青少年的阳性率:白族>彝族>汉族>其他民族,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.200);不同等级学校儿童、青少年的阳性率:高中>初中>小学,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。各民族中女性的阳性率均高于男性,其中汉族和彝族中不同性别的阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。汉族中男性15岁时阳性率达到高峰(8.76%),女性14岁时达到高峰(11.39%);彝族中男性14岁时达到高峰(7.25%),女性12岁时达到高峰(9.03%)。脊柱侧凸严重程度分级:73.19%为脊柱侧凸Ⅰ度,23.05%为Ⅱ度,Ⅲ度仅3.76%。可疑侧凸部位以胸段为主,占比51.43%。当ATR≥2°时,Adams前屈试验即可呈阳性。结论 云南省南华县儿童及青少年脊柱侧凸筛检阳性率高达5.33%。彝族儿童、青少年脊柱侧凸筛检阳性率高峰期较汉族有所提前。需尽快完善我省脊柱侧凸筛查防治体系,并全面开展脊柱侧凸筛查工作。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of scoliosis in children and adolescents in Nanhua County of Yunnan Province.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years old in Nanhua County of Yunnan Province,using the visual method,Adam's Forward Bend Test and the measurement of angle of trunk rotation(ATR)with a scoliosis meter.The distribution characteristics of gender,age,nationality and severity of scoliosis of screening positive people were analyzed,and the relationship between positive Adam's Forward Bend Test and ATR was explored.Results A total of 18980 children and adolescents were screened,of which 1011 were positive.The overall positive rate was 5.33%.The positive rate of male(4.77%)was significantly lower than that of female(5.89%)(P<0.001).The positive rate of children and adolescents of Bai nationality was higher than that of Yi nationality,Han nationality and other nationalities,and there was no significance(P=0.200);The positive rate of high school was higher than that of middle school and primary school(P<0.001).The positive rate of female in all ethnic groups was higher than that of male,and there was a significant difference between male and female in Han and Yi nationality.The positive rate of males in Han nationality reached the peak at the age of 15(8.76%),and females reached the peak at the age of 14(11.39%);Among the Yi people,males reached the peak at the age of 14(7.25%),and females reached the peak at the age of 12(9.03%).In terms of severity of scoliosis,73.19%of scoliosis was grade Ⅰ,23.05%in grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ was only 3.76%.The suspected scoliosis was mainly in the thoracic segment,accounting for 51.43%.When the ATR≥2°,Adam's Forward Bend Test could be observed to be positive.Conclusion The positive rate of scoliosis screening in children and adolescents in Nanhua County of Yunnan Province is 5.33%.The peak of positive rate of scoliosis screening in Yi children and adolescents was earlier than that in Han childre

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 青少年 儿童 流行病学 

分 类 号：R726.8[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]