公共场所自动除颤仪配备义务的伦理剖析与法律规制  

Ethical Analysis and Legal Regulation of the Obligation in the Deployment of Automated External Defibrillators in Public

作　　者：翟绍琪 张志颖 张如意 彭迎春[1] ZHAI Shao-qi;ZHANG Zhi-ying;ZHANG Ru-yi(.School of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院伦理委员会办公室,北京100015

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第2期49-52,62,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年北京市社会科学基金项目(22SRB008)。

摘　　要：通过探究公共场所自动除颤仪(automated external defibrillator, AED)配备义务的伦理与法理困境,发现公共场所AED配置率低与公众健康素养低已成为院外心脏骤停救治率低的双重挑战。借鉴道义论与功利论,剖析公共场所AED配备的伦理价值,总结公共场所AED配备的相关政策法规,分析各地AED配置的政府责任履行和社会参与程度,并厘清责任主体,调和不同主体间义务履行的利益冲突。建议推动公共场所AED配备成为一项普遍义务,以弥合发达与欠发达地区公共场所AED配置“鸿沟”,促进公共卫生资源的公正分配与公众健康受益的平等性。By exploring the ethical and legal dilemmas of the obligation in the deployment of automated external defibrillators(AED)in public places,this paper finds that the low deployment rate of AED and low public health literacy have become dual challenges to the low rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA)treatment.Based on the deontology and utilitarianism,the paper analyzes the ethical value of AED deployment in public places.It also summarizes the relevant policies and regulations on AED deployment in public places,analyzes the performance of government responsibilities and the degree of social participation in AED deployment in different places,and clarifies the responsibility subjects to reconcile the conflict of interests among different subjects in fulfilling their obligations.It is suggested to increase AED deployment in public places as a universal obligation that bridges the AED deployment"gap"between developed and less developed regions for the fair distribution of public health resources and the equality of public health benefits.

关 键 词：院外心脏骤停 自动除颤仪 公共卫生资源 公共健康伦理 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]