海水和海洋沉积物中有机磷酸酯的研究进展  

Review of organophosphate esters in seawater and marine sediments

作　　者：梁桂珠 张玉凤 刘鹰 程学文 张韬 刘志强[1,2] 杨萌 江盈[1,2] 刘佳琪[1,2] LIANG Gui-zhu;ZHANG Yu-feng;LIU Ying;CHENG Xue-wen;ZHANG Tao;LIU Zhi-qiang;YANG Meng;JIANG Ying;LIU Jia-qi(College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture,Ministry of Education,Dalian 116023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem,Dalian 116023,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Dalian Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学),辽宁大连116023 [3]国家环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [4]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [5]大连市环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第2期86-99,共14页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放研究课题基金(202305);大连海洋大学引进人才博士启动项目(500221201029);设施渔业教育部重点实验室开放课题(2021-MOEKLECA-KF-01)。

摘　　要：有机磷酸酯(OPEs)已广泛应用于阻燃剂和增塑剂,但由于其具有较高毒性、难降解和远距离迁移等特点,从而引发的一系列海洋环境问题也逐渐受到关注。本文基于国内外海水和沉积物中OPEs的最新研究数据,分析了海水和海洋沉积物中OPEs的分析检测技术、迁移转化、分布特征和影响因素等,并针对当前研究的不足进行了讨论和展望。通过本文总结发现,海水中OPEs主要来自河流输入和大气沉降的输送,且浓度分布特征表现为表层高于底层,三种氯代有机磷酸酯[磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP)、磷酸三氯丙酯(TCPP)和磷酸三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)酯(TDCPP)]是海水中OPEs的主要组分;海洋沉积物中OPEs的含量分布表现出港湾、近岸海域和沿岸城市经济发达区域较高的趋势,其主要组分存在差异,受辛醇-水分配系数(lgK_(ow))和总有机碳(TOC)两个因素的影响较大。At present,organophosphate esters(OPEs)are widely employed as flame retardants and plasticizers.Therefore,OPEs have the characteristics of high toxicity,complex degradation,and long-distance migration.A series of marine environmental issues caused by OPEs have gradually attracted attention.Based on the latest research data on OPEs in seawater and sediments at home and abroad,the sample analysis technique,migration,transformation,and distribution characteristics,and influencing factors of OPEs in seawater and marine sediments were examined,and the future research directions of this topic were discussed.According to the findings of this paper,OPEs in seawater were primarily derived from river input and atmospheric deposition,and the concentration of OPEs in the surface layer was higher than that in the bottom layer.The primary components of OPEs in seawater were three chlorinated organophosphate esters:tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate(TCEP),trichloropropyl phosphate(TCPP),and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl)phosphate.However,the distribution of OPEs content in marine sediments revealed high levels in harbors,coastal waters,and economically developed areas of coastal cities.The profiles of OPEs among different environmental compartments were different and were substantially influenced by the octanol-water partition coefficient(lgK_(ow))of OPEs and the total organic carbon(TOC)of the sediment.

关 键 词：有机磷酸酯 海水 海洋沉积物 分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]