个人碳账户的国内外探索实践  

Exploration and Practice of Personal Carbon Account at Home and Abroad

作　　者：邱峰[1] 邵成多 Qiu Feng;Shao Chengduo

机构地区：[1]中国人民银行镇江市中心支行,江苏镇江212000 [2]北京化工大学经济管理学院,北京102200

出　　处：《西南金融》2023年第3期41-55,共15页Southwest Finance

摘　　要：伴随“双碳”目标的稳步实施,消费端的节能降碳更是不容忽视,推出个人碳账户恰逢其时,有利于形成供给侧与需求端双向拉动。近年来,各地政府、银行、企业等主办机构争相涉足消费端碳布局,依托各自资源禀赋,积极就各类场景试水个人碳账户这片“蓝海”,并不断推进个人碳账户迈向全民时代。个人碳账户作为承载个人碳减排记录、核算及价值发现的重要载体,已然成为当下热点。然而,作为新生事物,我国个人碳账户尚处于起步探索阶段,运作实践中仍存在缺乏碳减排量测算标准、平台间互不兼容、信息隐私泄露、权益配套有限,以及商业模式待建立等挑战,面临着“叫好不叫座”的尴尬局面。因此,亟待多维统筹,通过架构严密、设计科学的个人碳账户制度化体系建设,准确计量个人碳减排核算,加快制定“碳资产”变现、交易的市场机制及完善激励政策,推动个人碳账户行稳致远。With the steady implementation of the"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goal,energy conser⁃vation and carbon reduction at the consumer end cannot be ignored.It is the right time to launch the personal car⁃bon accounts,which is conducive to the formation of a two-way pull between the supply side and the demand side.In recent years,local governments,banks,Internet companies,enterprises and other sponsoring organizations have scrambled to get involved in the consumer-end carbon layout,relying on their own resource endowments,actively tested the"blue ocean"of personal carbon accounts in various scenarios,and constantly pushed forward to the era of the whole people.As an important carrier for personal carbon emission reduction records,accounting and value discovery,personal carbon accounts have become popular.However,as a new product,China's personal carbon ac⁃counts are still in the initial exploration stage.There are still challenges in the operation practice,such as the lack of carbon emission reduction measurement standards,incompatibility between platforms,information privacy dis⁃closure,limited rights and interests,and the business model has not been established,which causes the embarrass⁃ing situation of"best game no one played".Therefore,there is an urgent need for multi-dimensional coordination.Through the construction of a tightly structured and scientifically designed personal carbon account institutional⁃ized system,accurately measuring personal carbon emission reduction accounting,accelerating the development of a market mechanism for the realization and trading of"carbon assets"and perfecting incentive policies,we can promote the steady progress of personal carbon accounts.

关 键 词：碳达峰 碳中和 个人碳账户 碳普惠 碳资产 碳交易 碳积分 低碳经济 

分 类 号：F832.39[经济管理—金融学] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]