试谈一种对仗式话题-说明结构  

A Study on an Antithetical Topic-comment Structure in Contemporary Chinese Language

作　　者：王灿龙[1] Wang Canlong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（语言文字学）》2022年第10期20-28,共9页LINGUISTICS AND PHILOLOGY

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(20&ZD297)的支持。

摘　　要：民间俗谚中有一种由两个名词性偏正短语并置而成的表达形式,并置的两个部分构成话题-说明关系。从形式上看,这是俗谚追求如诗歌语言那样的节奏和韵律而按照“半逗律”操作的结果;从语源上看,这种对仗式话题-说明结构是对汉语传统的无系词判断表达式的继承与发展,丰富了特定语域的汉语句法形式;从内容上看,缺省谓词的迂曲表达旨在通过隐喻这种基本的认知机制,阐释某个道理、表达某种认识等,从而达成某种特定的表达目的。In Contemporary Chinese,there are some folk proverbs that are formed by the juxtaposition of two nominal phrases which constitute a topic-comment structure.This pattern is the result of pursuing the rhythm and prosody like poetic language usage in a proverb according to the"pause at half"law.From the etymological point of view,this kind of antithetical topic-comment structure is the inheritance and development of the traditional Chinese copula-free judgment expression.Such a circuitous expression of default predicate aims to explain a certain truth and express a certain thought through metaphor which is the basic cognitive mechanism,so as to achieve the specific purpose of the common proverbs in a special register.

关 键 词：对仗 话题-说明结构 节奏 半逗律 隐喻 

分 类 号：H109.4[语言文字—汉语]