“法”“艺”之辨:书法之书体的功能性与审美性研究  

The Distinction between"Rule"and"Art":A Study on the Function and Aesthetics of Calligraphy

作　　者：程万里[1] Cheng Wanli

机构地区：[1]东南大学艺术学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（造型艺术）》2022年第3期10-14,共5页PLASTIC ART

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金艺术学重点项目“中国祭祀图像的历史重构”(项目编号:20AF008)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：“书体”是指汉字的书写方式与形态特征。文字作为文化的载体,必然与其形成阶段的社会组织结构和社会理念密切相关,体现特定时期权力运行和文化传播的要求。正书书体(篆、隶、楷书)一直具备国家意志的色彩,文字书写遵循一定的规范、规律,这是书法的第一种指向,即“法”的层面;在抒情性的书体(行、草书)中,自我的表现性更加自由,尽管其也是实用性的,但是这种传播往往在私人之间进行,不带有官方意志,因此更符合书法的第二种指向一文字书写的审美理念与价值指向,即“艺”的层面。当然书法的发展是多元化的,“法”和“艺”都是书法发展阶段的必然,呈现特定“书体”的功能性与艺术性,但必然在发展中逐步统一与融合。"Chirography"refers to the writing style and formal features of Chinese characters.As the carrier of culture,characters must be closely related to the social organization structure and social ideas in the formation stage,which reflects the requirements of power operation and cultural communication in a specific period.The formal script(seal script,official script and regular script)has always had the color of national will.The writing should follow certain norms and principles,which is the first level of calligraphy pointing to"Rule";In the lyrical style(running script and cursive script),self-expression is more free.Although it is also practical,this kind of communication is often carried out among private people without official will.Therefore,it is more in line with the second aesthetic concept and value direction of calligraphy,which is equivalent to the level of"Art".The development of calligraphy is truly diversified."Rule"and"Art"are the necessity of the development stage of calligraphy.This is also the expression of the similarities and differences between functionality and artistry carried by the specific"Chirography",but it must be gradually unified and integrated in development.

关 键 词：书体 发展 功能 审美 

分 类 号：J292.1[艺术—美术]