微生物肥料对贺兰山东麓土壤盐渍化特征及酿酒葡萄品质的影响  

Effects of microbial fertilizer on soil salinization characteristics and wine grape quality in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain

作　　者：程昱润 肖国举[2,3] 毕江涛 刘鹏[1] 王静 CHENG Yu-run;XIAO Guo-ju;BI Jiang-tao;LIU Peng;WANG Jing(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Institute of Environment Engineering,Ningxia University,Yin-chuan 750021,China;Cultivation Base of the State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021 [3]西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第2期356-365,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501302);宁夏重点研发项目(2019BEB04039);宁夏自然基金项目(2022AAC03079)。

摘　　要：【目的】为明确研究区土壤盐渍化状况并进行改良利用,改善贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄品质,为贺兰山东麓产地酿酒葡萄种植合理施肥以及土壤培肥改良提供依据。【方法】以宁夏贺兰山东麓广泛种植的酿酒葡萄品种“梅鹿辄”为试材,采用田间小区试验设计设置不施肥、施用生物有机肥、粉末微生物菌剂、液体微生物改良剂处理。研究不同施肥处理土壤pH、全盐含量、八大离子含量等指标,揭示微生物肥料对土壤盐渍化特征的影响;研究分析不同施肥处理酿酒葡萄还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量等指标,探明微生物肥料对酿酒葡萄产量和品质的影响。【结果】生物有机肥配施化肥能够有效改良土壤盐渍化状况,使土壤pH和全盐含量降低,生物有机肥处理较对照在0~20和20~40 cm土层全盐含量分别降低9.11%和10.0%,pH分别降低1.1%和0.2%,土壤过氧化氢酶含量分别提高1.89%和1.38%。生物有机肥提高土壤培肥和改良能力的同时,对酿酒葡萄品质、还原糖含量、微量元素含量有所改善,生物有机肥处理下葡萄还原糖含量最高,较对照增加43.3%,Fe含量最高,较对照提高60.6%,产量较对照增加8.98%。【结论】在贺兰山东麓盐渍化土壤上,生物有机肥与化肥配施对于提高土壤改良能力以及酿酒葡萄产量和品质效果显著。【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the soil salinization status in the study area,improve and utilize it,and improve the quality of wine grapes at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain,the effects of microbial fertilizers on the soil salinization characteristics and wine grape quality were studied,providing a basis for reasonable fertilization and soil fertility improvement of wine grapes in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain.【Method】Taking the wine grape variety‘Meilutou’widely planted in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia as the test material,the field plot experimental design was adopted,and the treatments of no fertilization,application of bio-organic fertilizer,powdered microbial agent and liquid microbial modifier were set up.The soil indexes such as soil pH,total salt content and eight major ions content of different fertilization treatments were studied and analyzed to reveal the effect of microbial fertilizer on soil salinization characteristics;The re-ducing sugar content and titratable acid content of wine grape under different fertilization treatments were studied and analyzed to explore the effect of microbial fertilizer on the yield and quality of wine grape.【Result】Bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer can effec-tively improve the soil salinization and reduce the soil pH and total salt content.Compared with the control,the total salt content in 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layer decreased by 9.11%and 10.0%respectively,the p H decreased by 1.1%and 0.2%respectively,and the con-tent of soil peroxidase increasing by 1.89%and 1.38%respectively.Bio-organic fertilizer improved the ability of soil fertility and improve-ment.At the same time,it improved the quality,reducing sugar content and trace element content of wine grape.Under the treatment of bio-organic fertilizer,the reducing sugar content of grape was the highest,increased by 43.3%compared with the control,the Fe content was the highest,increasing by 60.6%compared with the control,and the yield increased by

关 键 词：微生物肥料 土壤培肥 酿酒葡萄 品质 

分 类 号：S287[农业科学—农业水土工程] S156[农业科学—农业工程]