基于Kalman-Chan算法的5G毫米波室内定位试验  

5G millimeter wave indoor positioning based on Kalman-Chan

作　　者：焦喜康 吴华兵[1] 薛嘉琛 刘源 纪元法[3] JIAO Xi-kang;WU Hua-bing;XUE Jia-chen;LIU Yuan;JI Yuan-fa(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation Technology and Application,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]桂林电子科技大学广西精密导航技术与应用重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2023年第1期40-48,共9页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：二代导航重大专项资助项目(ZFS19001D(03));广西精密导航技术与应用重点实验室资助项目(DH201816)。

摘　　要：卫星定位系统因其能够提供高精度、全天候的定位服务而深受人们的欢迎,但是在室内环境中,由于建筑物的遮挡,卫星定位系统无法在室内提供高精度定位服务。随着万物互联时代的到来,人们对室内定位技术展开了研究。近年来,室内定位技术层出不穷,例如蓝牙定位、UWB定位等。目前,随着5G技术的成熟以及5G基站的密集化部署,促进了基于5G技术的室内定位的发展。影响室内定位精度的难点之一就是非视距传播(NLOS)和多径效应引起的误差,而毫米波通信作为5G关键技术之一,因其具有高频带和高带宽的特性,有利于提高多径分辨率,可提高到达时间差(TDOA)测量的精度。为抑制NLOS和多径效应引起的误差,本文对基于5G室内定位的Kalman-Chan融合算法展开了研究,即先利用卡尔曼算法对观测量进行距离重构,再结合Chan算法对用户位置进行估算,经过大量试验验证证明,该融合算法可使二维平面上的定位精度达到0.31 m。Satellite positioning systems are very popular because they can provide high-precision,all-weather positioning services,but in indoor environments,due to the occlusion of buildings,satellite positioning systems cannot provide high-precision positioning services indoors.With the advent of Internet of era,people have carried out research on indoor positioning technology.In recent years,indoor positioning technologies have emerged one after another,such as Bluetooth positioning,UWB positioning and so on.At present,with the maturity of 5G technology and the intensive deployment of base stations,the development of indoor positioning based on 5G technology has been promoted.Oneofthebiggestdifficultieswhich affectstheaccuracy ofindoor positioningis the error caused by non-line of sight(NLOS)and multipath effects.As one of the key technologies of 5G,millimeter wave communication has the characteristics of high frequency band and high bandwidth,which is conducive to improve multipath resolution rate,andimprove the accuracy of TDOA measurements.In order to suppress the error caused by NLOS and multipath effects,this paper studiedthe Kalman-Chan fusion algorithm based on 5G indoor positioning.Firstly,the Kalman algorithm was used to reconstruct the distance of the observation,and then combined with the Chan algorithm to estimate the user’s position.The experimental validationsshown that the fusion algorithm can achieve a positioning accuracy of 0.31m on a two-dimensional plane.

关 键 词：室内定位 5G 到达时间差 非视距传播 卡尔曼滤波器 CHAN算法 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]