柴油机两级相继增压系统设计与匹配试验研究  

Design and Matching Test of Two-Stage Sequential Supercharging System for Diesel Engines

作　　者：李先南 胡登 王贺春[2] 王彬彬 王银燕[2] 杨传雷[2] 贺天琪 LI Xiannan;HU Deng;WANG Hechun;WANG Binbin;WANG Yinyan;YANG Chuanlei;HE Tianqi(Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司,上海201108 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2023年第2期314-321,331,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52171298)。

摘　　要：为改善低工况条件下因增压压力不足而造成柴油机缸内燃烧恶化问题,将两级增压(two-stage turbocharging,TST)与相继增压(sequential turbocharging,STC)技术相结合.首先,通过推进特性试验进行两级相继增压与柴油机匹配计算,确定增压器型号;其次,利用GT-power软件得到增压器与柴油机联合运行曲线,验证方案的可行性;最后,进行台架试验,分析推进特性和负荷特性下两级相继增压对柴油机性能影响.试验结果表明:推进特性条件下,在0~50%负荷区间,采用单涡轮增压(1TC)可以改善燃烧恶化问题;在50%~100%负荷区间,采用双涡轮增压(2TC)能够进一步提高空燃比,改善缸内燃烧,尤其在60%负荷下,燃油消耗率相比原机降低8.08%;两级相继增压模式在低转速、全扭矩及中高转速、高扭矩运行区域,可实现增压器的良好匹配.To improve the deterioration of combustion in the cylinder of diesel engines due to insufficient supercharging pressure under low operating conditions,two-stage turbocharging is combined with sequential turbocharging technology.First,the matching calculation of two-stage sequential turbocharging and diesel engine is carried out through propulsion characteristic tests,and the turbocharger model is determined.Secondly,the combined operation curve of the supercharger and diesel engine is obtained by using GT-power software to verify the feasibility of the scheme.Finally,the bench test is carried out to analyze the influence of two-stage sequential turbocharging on diesel engine performance under propulsion and load characteristics.The test results show that with propulsion characteristics,single turbocharging(1TC mode)can effectively improve the combustion deterioration under the engine load of 0–50%.Under the engine load of 50%–100%,the twin turbocharging(2TC mode)can further increase the air-fuel ratio and improve the in-cylinder combustion;especially at 60%engine load,the fuel consumption rate is 8.08%lower than that of the original engine.The two-stage sequential turbocharging mode can achieve good matching of turbochargers at low speed and full torque as well as mediumhigh speed and high torque.

关 键 词：柴油机 两级相继增压 GT-POWER 增压器匹配 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]