星间激光通信机光轴指向误差源分析与补偿控制  

Analysis and Compensation of Optical Axis Pointing Error Source of Inter-satellite Laser Communicator

作　　者：刘政麟 汪逸群 LIU Zhengin;WANG Yiqun(Zhejiang Laboratory,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]之江实验室,杭州311121

出　　处：《宇航学报》2023年第3期454-464,共11页Journal of Astronautics

基　　金：之江实验室自立重大项目资助(2020LC0AD03)。

摘　　要：针对星间激光通信机后光路各光学元件存在的安装误差导致的光轴指向偏差,细化了激光通信机光学系统中各元件的误差矩阵,并采用矩阵光学方法提高分析精度,通过蒙特卡洛法模拟了总体误差情况,定量分析了各光学元件安装误差对光轴指向精度的影响。为了校正存在的固定安装误差,提出了基于误差校正矩阵的补偿方案。在不测量元件具体误差的情况下,通过相机处光斑质心坐标,反推入射光矢量方向,计算得到误差校正矩阵,对跟踪机构的转动角度进行补偿,显著降低了安装误差对光轴指向精度的影响,并在实机进行了粗跟踪误差校正矩阵修正安装误差的实验验证和全角度推广。结果表明,误差校正矩阵可以在难以测量后光路内部各光学元件误差的情况下,补偿系统安装误差,实现对后光路光轴指向误差的校正,大大简化了地面误差修正的流程,同时节约了在轨通信机跟踪指向运算资源,提高跟踪响应频率。In view of the installation error of each optical element in the inter-satellite laser communicator during installation,leading to the deviation of the optical axis,the error matrix of each optical element in the optical system of the laser communicator is refined by the Matrix Optics method.The overall error of the optical system is simulated by the Monte-Carlo method to analyze the influence of each optical element on the pointing accuracy of the optical axis quantitatively.In order to correct the existing fixed installation error of the laser communicator,a compensation scheme based on the error correction matrix.Without measuring the specific error,the coordinates of light spot centroid at the camera is used to invert the direction of the incident beam vector,and the error correction matrix is calculated to compensate the rotation angle of the tracking mechanism,which significandy reduces the impact of the installation error on the optical axis pointing accuracy.The experiment of the rough tracking error correction matrix to correct the installation error were carried out on the real laser communicator and the error correction matrix was generalized to full angles.The results show that the error correction matrix can compensate the installation error of the system when it is difficult to measure the errors of the optical components direcdy,realizing the correction of the optical axis pointing error,which greatly simplifies the process of error correction on the ground.In addition,the computing resources of the on-orbit laser communicator during tracking and pointing is saved to improve the tracking response frequency.

关 键 词：光学通信 激光通信机 指向精度 光学误差 误差补偿 

分 类 号：V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]