不同植物组合对中小河道水体及底泥重金属与营养盐净化评估  

Assessment on Purification Capabilities of Heavy Metals and Nutrients by Different Plant Combinations in Medium and Small Rivers Water and Sediment

作　　者：陆明华[1] 马存琛[2] 张骏[1] LU Ming-hua;MA Cun-chen;ZHANG Jun(School of Tourism Management,Nanjing Institute of Tourism&Hospitality,Nanjing 211100,China;School of Environment and Ecology,Jiangsu Open University,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]南京旅游职业学院旅游管理学院,南京211100 [2]江苏开放大学环境生态学院,南京210017

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第4期119-130,147,共13页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：2022年文旅部大学生团队扶持项目(2022WMYC001);江苏省高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地“新时代应用型旅游人才研究中心”项目(2020YJJD009)。

摘　　要：为探究乡村旅游业及其周边生活废水对水体及底泥中重金属和营养盐影响,以及不同植物能否缓解产生的污染,以黄龙岘村为研究对象,分析了当地6条河流水体及底泥中重金属和营养盐含量,利用健康风险评价和潜在生态风险指数法分别评估了当地水体和底泥对人体的潜在危害,采用冗余分析和相关性热图揭露水体中重金属和营养盐之间的内在关系,利用不同植物组合的河流探究污染缓解情况。结果显示,研究区内6条河流的上、中及下游总体符合国家地表水环境Ⅴ类标准(GB 3838—2002)。健康风险评价表明,除对照河流外,其它河流均处于可接受范围内,重金属暴露的致癌风险值为儿童大于成人,且饮水途径是引起风险的主要原因。沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险值依次为上游、中游和下游。沉积物中Cd的单项污染物风险值最高,且Cu可能会与水体中营养盐协同作用,进而诱导水质环境恶化。应加强对水体中Cd和Cu的治理及修复,并及时排查周边可能造成高重金属污染的源头。水杉、构树和小蜡可优先作为研究区河流中生态修复重金属的先行植物。In order to explore the impact of rural tourism and its surrounding domestic wastewater on heavy metals and nutrients in water and sediment,and whether different plants can alleviate the pollution,taking Huanglongjian village as research object,the contents of heavy metals and nutrients in the water and sediment of 6 local rivers were analyzed.The potential hazards of the local water and sediment to human body were assessed by health risk assessment and potential ecological risk index methods.Redundancy analysis and correlation heat map were used to reveal the internal relationship between heavy metals and nutrients in the water.The rivers with different plant combinations were used to explore pollution mitigation.The results show that the upstream,midstream and downstream of 6 rivers in the study area generally meet the National Standard ClassⅤfor Surface Water Environment of China(GB 3838—2002).Health risk assessment shows that all rivers in Huanglongjian village are within the acceptable range except the control rivers.The carcinogenic risk values of heavy metal exposure are higher for children than for adults,and the drinking water route is the main cause of the risk.The potential ecological risk values of heavy metals in sediment are in the order of upstream,midstream and downstream.The single pollutant risk value of Cd in the sediment is the highest,and Cu may cooperate with the nutrients in the water body to induce the deterioration of the water quality environment.It is necessary to strengthen the treatment and restoration of Cd and Cu in water,and timely investigate the surrounding sources that may cause high heavy metal pollution.Metasequoia glyptostroboides,Broussonetia papyrifera and Paraffin can be the first plants for ecological restoration of heavy metals in rivers in the study area.

关 键 词：乡村旅游业 重金属 Cu Cd 营养盐 健康风险评价 冗余分析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53