高度人工化城市河道微生物优势和稀有组分扩散过程分析——以北运河为例  

Analysis of the dispersal process of abundant and rare subcommunities in highly artificial urban rivers:A case study of the North Canal River

作　　者：张伟[1] 郭逍宇[1] 王敏[1] 梁籍[2] 吴东丽[3] ZHANG Wei;GUO Xiao-yu;WANG Min;LIANG Ji;WU Dong-li(College of Resources Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Hydropower and Information Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Meteorological Observation Center of China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第4期2039-2046,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979112);北京市教委科技计划一般项目(KM201910028009)。

摘　　要：以微生物定性和定量数据类型作为原始数据矩阵,采用陆地扩散模型(PCNM)、不对称分层分支扩散模型(MEM)和单一方向扩散模型(AEM)对北运河浮游微生物群落中优势和稀有组分空间扩散过程进行了模拟.研究结果表明:优势组分基于不同类型扩散模型的拟合度明显高于稀有组分.AEM模型与优势组分空间分布拟合度较高,不同类型模型在拟合稀有组分的空间分布方面不具有显著差异.与MEM模型相比较,本研究中的优势组分和稀有组分的PCNM模型与AEM模型具有更高的协同解释率.基于定量数据矩阵的优势和稀有类群拟合模型精度均高于定性数据矩阵,表明高度人工化的城市河道水体优势和稀有组分微生物扩散作用均独立于环境选择起作用.这与方差分解过程中优势和稀有组分单独空间解释率分别占到了18.3%和7.4%,与单独的环境解释率分别是18.6%和7.6%的分析结果一致.优势组分具有显著的地理衰减模型,TN、TP等关键环境要素与扩散变量协同作用是主导优势组分多样性的构建过程.Basing on the qualitative and quantitative data of microorganisms,the spatial dispersal processes of abundant and rare subcommunities were measured by the land diffusion PCNM model(principal coordinators of neighborhood matrices),the asymmetric stratified branching diffusion MEM model(Moran eigenvector map)and the unidirectional diffusion AEM model(asymmetric eigenvector map)in a heavily polluted urban river,the North Canal River.The results showed that the fitness of models of abundant subcommunities was significantly higher than that of rare subcommunities.The AEM model of abundant subcommunities had a high fitness value,while there were no significant difference in the fitness of rare subcommunities models.Comparing to the MEM model,The PCNM and AEM models explained more spatial variations of abundant and rare subcommunities.The high fitness value based on the quantitative data matrix than that of qualitative data matrix,indicating that the dispersal process was independent of environmental selection in both abundant and rare subcommunities in the highly artificial urban river.This was in line with the VPA(variation partitioning analysis)resulted that dispersal explained 18.3%and 7.4%of the variation in the abundant and rare subcommunities respectively,and environmental selection explained 18.6%and 7.6%of the variation.Abundant subcommunities showed a significant distance-decay relationship,and the synergy of environmental factors such as total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)were important to the diversity construction in the abundant subcommunities.These results provided theoretical and technical support for the construction mechanism of planktonic microbial diversity in the highly artificial urban river.

关 键 词：优势类群 稀有类群 空间扩散模型 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]